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Taxonomy of the genus has been shaped by over a century of morphological research, with the most widely adopted framework established in the late 1980s. Advances in molecular genetics have increasingly revealed cryptic diversity and yielded new insights into interspecific and intraspecific relationships within the genus. Despite the rapid expansion of molecular genetic data over the past decade, particularly for\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. infecting humans and companion animals, a synthesis of these findings remains lacking. Here, we review historical and contemporary literature on the taxonomy of\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. infecting humans (\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), dogs (\n                    <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , including host-specific lineages and cryptic taxa) and cats (\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides felis, Strongyloides planiceps, Strongyloides tumefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). We provide an updated overview of taxonomic histories, host ranges and key morphological features for genus identification and species differentiation, along with a synthesis of available molecular taxonomic data informed by phylogenetic and population genetic studies. This work is intended to serve as a renewed reference for researchers, diagnosticians and clinicians working with\n                    <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in medical and veterinary contexts, supporting accurate diagnosis and guiding future taxonomic research on these nematodes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118202610167x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T06:48:56Z","timestamp":1770360536000},"page":"505-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Taxonomy of\n                    <i>Strongyloides<\/i>\n                    in humans, dogs and cats: a comprehensive review from morphology to molecular and population genetics"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9753-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"James Cook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin","family":"Constantinoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Cook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5524-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Stewart","family":"Bradbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Cook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05049-x"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-6173-3"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3495"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182024000568"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283165"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00986-22"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref97","first-page":"e20160328","article-title":"Colonic epithelial nodular hyperplasia associated with strongyloidiasis in cats in the Amazon region, Par\u00e1 State, Brazil","volume":"47","author":"Moura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia Rural"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42250-1"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1976.25.694"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3270768"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref140","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Strongyloidiasis: A Major Roundworm Infection of Man","author":"Speare","year":"1989"},{"key":"S003118202610167X_ref64","first-page":"45","article-title":"Studies on Strongyloides sp. isolated from a dog. 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