{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:58:05Z","timestamp":1790776685818,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We examined the frequency distributions of worm burdens and worm biomass of the dominant gastric nematode,\n                    <jats:italic>Protospirura muricola<\/jats:italic>\n                    , of eastern spiny mice (\n                    <jats:italic>Acomys dimidiatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) surveyed at 4-year intervals over a period of 12\u00a0years in two montane wadis in St. Kathrine's Protectorate in S. Sinai, Egypt. Whilst the frequency distribution of worm burdens differed significantly between the mice from the 2 wadis, variation between years was not significant among mice from each wadi. The frequency distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>P. muricola<\/jats:italic>\n                    worm burdens did not differ significantly between the sexes, despite female mice carrying significantly higher worm burdens, but showed a marked difference between juvenile and mature mice. The biomass of\n                    <jats:italic>P. muricola<\/jats:italic>\n                    carried by individual mice varied considerably, with two mice from Wadi Gharaba carrying biomasses of over 1\u00a0gm, representing over 2.5% of total body weight. Biomass showed significant positive covariation with worm burdens, and heavy biomass and worm burdens were most likely among the older mature female mice. The frequency distribution of individual worm weights indicated that frequent low-dose transmission was common, with rarer instances of higher-dose, package transmission from insect vectors of this parasite.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182026102492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:06:21Z","timestamp":1784804781000},"page":"1107-1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Protospirura muricola<\/i>\n                    Gedoelst, 1916 (Spiruridae) in eastern spiny mice (\n                    <i>Acomys dimidiatus<\/i>\n                    ): more than a decade of stability in frequency distributions of worm burdens, and evidence for both frequent low-dose and clumped transmission"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9396-2572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy M.","family":"Behnke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ee9ar58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0330-5478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tmqtf75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Salford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6199-8458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Bajer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Behnke-Borowczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tth1e03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman M.E.","family":"Mohallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04dzf3m45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Desert Research Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01ee9ar58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200400558X"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2012.08.007"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2002)083[1509:RAKSRT]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref34","unstructured":"Lowrie, FM (2003) Host-Parasite Relationships of Protospirura muricola: A Spirurid Nematode . MSc. Thesis, University of Nottingham."},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects13100934"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074196"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000055347"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X13000606"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/282697"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00700058"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/285851"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z61-007"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000079920"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref59","first-page":"537","article-title":"Worm parasites of the brown rat (Mus norvegicus) in the Philippine islands, with special reference to those forms that may be transmitted to human beings","volume":"46","author":"Tubangui","year":"1931","journal-title":"The Philippine Journal of Science"},{"key":"S0031182026102492_ref16","first-page":"199","article-title":"Biologia de Protospirura muricola Gedoelst, 1916 y Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) (Nematoda: Spiruridae), en Costa Rica. 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Published by Cambridge University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}