{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:35:25Z","timestamp":1791041725245,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The planorbid snail <jats:italic>Biomphalaria glabrata<\/jats:italic> responded to exposure to either the compatible digenetic trematode \n<jats:italic>Echinostoma paraensei<\/jats:italic> or the incompatible species <jats:italic>Echinostoma trivolvis<\/jats:italic> by producing increased amounts of several \ndistinctive plasma polypeptides. These polypeptides characteristically precipitated from plasma when mixed with \nsecreted\u2013excreted products (SEP) of sporocysts or rediae from either digenean species. In contrast, control snails, or snails \nthat had been wounded or infected with bacteria (<jats:italic>Serratia marcesens<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>) showed no obvious \nplasma alterations and no precipitates formed when their plasma was mixed with SEP. Another planorbid species, <jats:italic>Helisoma \ntrivolvis<\/jats:italic>, which displays reverse compatibility for the echinostome species used, also responded to exposure to both \nechinostomes by increased production of plasma polypeptides that precipitated in the presence of SEP. With some \nindividual variation, these 2 snail species synthesized SEP-reactive plasma polypeptides forming diffuse bands centred \nat 53, 65, 80\u2013120 and 200 kDa (the latter absent in <jats:italic>Helisoma trivolvis<\/jats:italic>). The 53 kDa polypeptides had not been observed \nbefore, whereas the others have been noted from <jats:italic>B. glabrata<\/jats:italic>. The diffuse 65 kDa band was strongly bound by anti-fibrinogen antibodies, supportive of earlier studies indicating it contains fibrinogen-related domains. The other specified \npolypeptides were also bound by these antibodies raising the possibility that they too contain fibrinogen domains. The \nresults are suggestive of a general ability of these 2 planorbid snails to detect the presence of echinostomes even if the latter \nare subsequently incapable of development. The complex response they then mount, one not evoked by other challenges \nsuch as wounding or bacterial infection, may represent a dedicated response to a frequently encountered group of \npathogenic parasites, the digeneans (echinostomes).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182099004850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:30:22Z","timestamp":1027776622000},"page":"395-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evidence from two planorbid snails of a complex and \ndedicated response to digenean (echinostome) infection"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"C. M.","family":"ADEMA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"HERTEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. S.","family":"LOKER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182099004850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T20:11:56Z","timestamp":1557432716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182099004850\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182099004850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182099004850","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}