{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:53:49Z","timestamp":1761486829345},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Behavioural, parasitological and immunological data were obtained from 48 children up to 6 years old, resident in a \n<jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic> endemic area in Zimbabwe. The children averaged more than 1 contact with infective water \nbodies every 3 days and all showed immunological evidence of exposure (an anti-cercarial and\/or anti-egg antibody \nresponse). IgM was the dominant isotype and appeared in the youngest children, followed by IgA, IgE and IgG3. \nHowever, only 38 children showed evidence of infection (an anti-egg response or eggs in urine) and only 14 were excreting \neggs. The best estimates from these data are that less than 1 in 100 contacts result in infection and less than 1 in 1000 result \nin egg output. This suggests that there may be substantial attrition of invading cercaria even in na\u00efve individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182099005156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:30:22Z","timestamp":1027776622000},"page":"37-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Exposure, infection and immune responses to <i>Schistosoma \nhaematobium<\/i> in young children"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"M. E. J.","family":"WOOLHOUSE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"MUTAPI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. D.","family":"NDHLOVU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. K.","family":"CHANDIWANA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"HAGAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182099005156","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T19:55:55Z","timestamp":1555012555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182099005156\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182099005156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182099005156","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}}}