{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:22:02Z","timestamp":1777447322672,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,2]],"date-time":"2001-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978393600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":62,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We set out to study how anti-filarial IgG4 and IgE, which have been studied extensively in adult populations, are \ninfluenced by gender and by the degree of filarial endemicity during childhood. Development of specific IgG4 and IgE \nwas examined in 502 children aged 3 months to 12 years, who were resident in 3 villages in South-Sulawesi with microfilaria \nprevalences of 6, 23 and 42%. Specific IgG4 and IgE could be detected as early as 18 months after birth, in low amounts, \nand increased to levels comparable to those produced by adults at the age of 3 years. A higher prevalence of anti-filarial \nIgG4 in boys, indicating higher filarial infection compared to girls, became apparent after the age of 7. The specific IgG4 \nresponse was strongly influenced by the degree of filarial endemicity and production of this antibody was considerably \ndelayed in the low transmission village. With respect to IgE, it was noted that specific IgE was consistently higher in boys \nfrom infancy onwards indicating a predisposition for high IgE production in males. The influence of filarial endemicity \nwas less profound on IgE than on IgG4. In conclusion, reactivity to filarial antigens begins early in life and is differentially \ninfluenced by gender and transmission intensity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182099006617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:36:03Z","timestamp":1027776963000},"page":"535-543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The development of specific IgG4 and IgE in a paediatric population is influenced by filarial endemicity and gender"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"A. J.","family":"TERHELL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"PRICE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. W. M.","family":"KOOT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"ABADI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"YAZDANBAKHSH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,2]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182099006617","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T20:08:16Z","timestamp":1557346096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182099006617\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182099006617"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182099006617","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]}}}