{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:02:11Z","timestamp":1790967731925,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]],"date-time":"2009-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1247097600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5637,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Synopsis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To ascertain the frequency and distribution of new cases of dementing illness in the elderly population of Mannheim (population 308000), a survey sample of community residents of &gt; 65 years of age was re-examined after an interval of 7\u20138 years, and a sample of elderly persons in long-stay care after 5\u20136 years. The estimated annual incidence rate for all forms of dementia, after correction for ageing of the samples, was 15\u00b74 per 1000 persons aged &gt; 65, made up of dementia of Alzheimer type (8\u00b79 per 1000), vascular dementia (4\u00b74 per 1000) and other forms (2\u00b71 per 1000). Apart from the expected association with age &gt; 65 years, the most powerful predictors of onset of a dementing illness were residence in long-stay care and the presence of minor cognitive deficits at the initial examination, each of which was associated with a highly significant increase in risk. In addition, a number of socio-demographic characteristics (marital status, occupational history and quality of present living accommodation) was found to be predictive, though analysis of larger samples or pooled research data would be necessary to establish their importance in this respect. The findings suggest that identification of mild cognitive impairment on screening could prove helpful in assessing risk for dementia from two to three years before the condition becomes clinically apparent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291700026945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]],"date-time":"2009-07-09T09:59:35Z","timestamp":1247133575000},"page":"179-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Incidence and relative risk of dementia in an urban elderly population: findings of a prospective field study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Horst","family":"Bickel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institute of Mental Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-38","first-page":"37","article-title":"Method of sampling in a study of older people with a comparison of respondents and non-respondents","volume":"25","author":"Milne","year":"1971","journal-title":"British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-30","first-page":"502","article-title":"Soziale Selbsteinstufung: ein Instrument zur Messung sozialer Schichten","volume":"20","author":"Kleining","year":"1968","journal-title":"K\u00f6lner Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-20","first-page":"18","article-title":"A standardized psychiatric interview for use in community surveys","volume":"24","author":"Goldberg","year":"1970","journal-title":"British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280508"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/20.Supplement_2.S13"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","article-title":"Regression models and life tables","volume":"34","author":"Cox","year":"1972","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb05218.x"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1992.00530290030008"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.930020306"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Senile dementia: a clinical, socio-medical and genetic study","volume":"39","author":"Larsson","year":"1963","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.161.2.230"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.7.1006"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb03006.x","article-title":"Mental disability among elderly men in Finland: prevalence, predictors and correlates","volume":"80","author":"Lammi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S0033291700026945_manual_ref-11","first-page":"472","article-title":"Pr\u00e4valenz und Inzidenz von Demenzerkrankungen in der Altenbev\u00f6lkerung. 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