{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T11:57:34Z","timestamp":1783339054343,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]],"date-time":"2011-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299196800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0033291711000274_sec_a001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal data from the 1970 British Cohort Study were used to examine the long-term adult outcomes of those who, as children, were placed in public care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291711000274_sec_a002\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariate logistic estimation models were used to determine whether public care and placement patterns were associated with adult psychosocial outcomes. Seven emotional and behavioural outcomes measured at age 30 years were considered: depression, life dissatisfaction, self-efficacy, alcohol problems, smoking, drug abuse, and criminal convictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291711000274_sec_a003\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analyses revealed a significant association between public care status and adult maladjustment on depression [odds ratio (OR) 1.74], life dissatisfaction (OR 1.45), low self-efficacy (OR 1.95), smoking (OR 1.70) and criminal convictions (OR 2.13).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291711000274_sec_a004\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the present study findings suggest that there are enduring influences of a childhood admission to public care on emotional and behavioural adjustment from birth to adulthood. Some of the associations with childhood public care were relatively strong, particularly with respect to depression, self-efficacy and criminal convictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291711000274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,7]],"date-time":"2011-03-07T13:48:14Z","timestamp":1299505694000},"page":"2213-2220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Do adult emotional and behavioural outcomes vary as a function of diverse childhood experiences of the public care system?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Dregan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00586.x"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01530.x"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030857590102500303"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.040816"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-7409(00)00108-0"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.131.10.1121","article-title":"The CAGE Questionnaire: validation of a new alcoholism screening instrument","volume":"131","author":"Mayfield","year":"1974","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200011000-00016"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref031","volume-title":"One Problem Among Many: Drug Use Among Care Leavers in Transition to Independent Living","author":"Ward","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsw\/19.5.349"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref015","volume-title":"No One Ever Asked Us: A Postscript to Foster Care","author":"Festinger","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579406060044"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref020","volume-title":"National Child Development Study and 1970 British Cohort Study Technical Report: Changes in the NCDS and BCS70 Populations and Samples over Time","author":"Plewis","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.155.11.1255"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1311"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref024","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Straight and Devious Pathways from Childhood to Adulthood","author":"Rutter","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2206.2007.00538.x"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2010.02252.x"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref014","volume-title":"Children in Foster Care: A Longitudinal Investigation","author":"Fanshel","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0033291711000274_ref004","volume-title":"Attachment and Loss: Vol. 3. 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