{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T10:57:14Z","timestamp":1793185034639,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,20]],"date-time":"2014-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392854400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0033291714000269_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Until recently, hoarding was considered an obsessive\u2013compulsive symptom (OCS). However, current evidence suggests that these two phenotypes may be clinically, and perhaps etiologically, distinct. Both hoarding and OCS have a genetic etiology, but the degree of unique and shared genetic contributions to these phenotypes has not been well studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714000269_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence rates were assessed for hoarding and OCS in a sample of adult twin pairs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07906 twins) and their family members from the Netherlands Twin Register (total sample\u00a0=\u00a015\u00a0914). Using Mplus, genetic analyses using liability threshold models were conducted for both phenotypes, for their co-morbidity, and for specific hoarding symptoms (cluttering, discarding and acquiring).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714000269_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the total sample, 6.7% met criteria for clinically significant hoarding; endorsement of all three hoarding symptoms was \u2a7e79%. Men had slightly higher rates than women. Also, 5.7% met criteria for clinically significant OCS; rates were similar in males and females. Genetic factors accounted for 36% of the variance for hoarding and 40% of the variance for OCS. The genetic correlation between hoarding and OCS was 0.10. There was no evidence of sex-specific genetic contributions for hoarding or OCS. There was evidence for a genetic contribution to all hoarding symptom subtypes. Only cluttering showed evidence of a contribution from the shared environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714000269_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>OCS and hoarding are common in this population-based sample, have prevalence rates similar to those previously reported, and show significant heritability. Genetic factors contributed to the co-morbidity of both traits, although the genetic correlation between them was low.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291714000269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,20]],"date-time":"2014-02-20T13:28:45Z","timestamp":1392902925000},"page":"2867-2876","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Partitioning the etiology of hoarding and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"C. A.","family":"Mathews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Delucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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