{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:40:39Z","timestamp":1792150839492,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]],"date-time":"2014-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418860800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0033291714002840_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with somatic complaints are at increased risk for emotional disorders during childhood. Whether this elevated risk extends into young adulthood \u2013 and to which specific disorders \u2013 has rarely been tested with long-term prospective-longitudinal community samples. Here we test whether frequent and recurring stomach aches, headaches, and muscle aches during childhood predict emotional disorders in adulthood after accounting for childhood psychiatric and physical health status and psychosocial adversity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714002840_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Great Smoky Mountains Study is a community representative sample with 1420 participants. Children\/adolescents were assessed 4\u20137 times between ages 9\u201316 years. They were assessed again up to three times between ages 19\u201326 years. Childhood somatic complaints were coded when subjects or their parents reported frequent and recurrent headaches, stomach aches, or muscular\/joint aches at some point when children were aged 9\u201316 years. Psychiatric disorders were assessed with the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714002840_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frequent and recurrent somatic complaints in childhood predicted adulthood emotional disorders. After controlling for potential confounders, predictions from childhood somatic complaints were specific to later depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Long-term predictions did not differ by sex. Somatic complaints that persisted across developmental periods were associated with the highest risk for young adult emotional distress disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291714002840_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children from the community with frequent and recurrent physical distress are at substantially increased risk for emotional distress disorders during young adulthood. Preventions and interventions for somatic complaints could help alleviate this risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291714002840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]],"date-time":"2014-12-18T20:57:24Z","timestamp":1418936244000},"page":"1721-1730","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Childhood somatic complaints predict generalized anxiety and depressive disorders during young adulthood in a community sample"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Shanahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Zucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. E.","family":"Copeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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