{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:22:25Z","timestamp":1791580945342,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]],"date-time":"2017-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496707200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0033291717001490_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bipolar disorder (BP) is associated with significant cognitive impairment. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive deficits are already evident after first-episode mania. However, it is not clear whether BP is associated with further decline in cognitive functions in individuals with established illness. Aim of this meta-analytic review was to examine longitudinal neurocognitive changes in BP and to compare trajectory of cognitive deficits in BP with schizophrenia and healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717001490_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electronic databases were searched for the studies published between January 1987 and November 2016. In total 22 reports were included in the current meta-analysis. The main analysis assessed the longitudinal change in cognition in 643 patients with BP. Further analyses were conducted in studies investigating cognitive changes in BP along with healthy controls (459 BP and 367 healthy controls) and schizophrenia (172 BP and 168 schizophrenia).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717001490_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no cognitive decline overtime neither in short-term (mean duration = 1.5 years) nor in long-term (mean duration = 5.5 years) follow-up studies in BP. In contrast, there was evidence for modest improvements in task performance in memory and working memory at follow-up. The trajectory of cognitive functioning in BP was not significantly different from changes in schizophrenia and healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717001490_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together with the findings in early BP and individuals at genetic risk for BP, current findings suggest that neurodevelopmental factors might play a significant role in cognitive deficits in BP and do not support the notion of progressive cognitive decline in most patients with BP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291717001490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]],"date-time":"2017-06-06T05:50:22Z","timestamp":1496728222000},"page":"2753-2766","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies of cognition in bipolar disorder: comparison with healthy controls and schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Bora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"\u00d6zerdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12603"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00835.x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-198806000-00011"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0504"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01286.x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01004.x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.09.014"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.073429"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v049.i05"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6600.681"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716003366"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2004.03.002"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref49","unstructured":"Leany BD (2010). A Longitudinal Study of Neurocognitive Deficits and Functional Outcome in Bipolar Disorder. UNLV Theses\/Dissertations\/Professional Papers\/Capstones; Paper 835."},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn097"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000439"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref42","first-page":"294","article-title":"Association of arterial hypertension and cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar disorder","volume":"36","author":"Hubenak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Letters"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001614"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415622272"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2007.06.004"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12410"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000207360.70337.7e"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000092"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2008.07.005"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.01.003"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e318196b907"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.155"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12154"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.08.002"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt085"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.06.019"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.04.016"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000774"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14091200"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.12.234"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12581"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000083170"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.04.028"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001675"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.031"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-0906-9"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.009"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.08.004"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001324"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12050620"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.50"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-016-0118-3"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.03.005"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2683"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2014.09.010"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref75","article-title":"Serum levels of second-generation antipsychotics are associated with cognitive function in psychotic disorders","author":"Steen","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.06.007"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2010.01601.x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622310374678"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001948"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001535"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12374"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.09.041"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.896"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbu198"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.10.018"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.06.026"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708004832"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2014.09.007"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714001263"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref3","first-page":"108","article-title":"Bipolar disorder comorbid with alcohol use disorder: focus on neurocognitive correlates","volume":"6","author":"Balanz\u00e1-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers Physiology"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.04.002"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2010.02.005"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00601.x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12215"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.10.052"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref84","first-page":"387","volume-title":"The Neurology of Schizophrenia","author":"Weinberger","year":"1986"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.055731"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.029009"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.06.026"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12000"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001993"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref16","first-page":"31","article-title":"Domains of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder","volume":"13","author":"Bora","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bipolar Disorders"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-015-0605-x"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr100"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033337"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.11m07471"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref43","first-page":"39","volume-title":"The General Factor of Intelligence","author":"Jensen","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0033291717001490_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08928"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291717001490","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T15:02:23Z","timestamp":1555426943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291717001490\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291717001490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291717001490","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,6]]}}}