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This study explored the effect of 5-HT<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub>R activation on response inhibition neural networks in healthy subjects by using LSD and further tested whether brain activation during response inhibition under LSD exposure was related to LSD-induced visual hallucinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717002914_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, LSD (100 \u00b5g) and placebo were administered to 18 healthy subjects. Response inhibition was assessed using a functional magnetic resonance imaging Go\/No-Go task. LSD-induced visual hallucinations were measured using the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness (5D-ASC) questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717002914_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relative to placebo, LSD administration impaired inhibitory performance and reduced brain activation in the right middle temporal gyrus, superior\/middle\/inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex and in the left superior frontal and postcentral gyrus and cerebellum. Parahippocampal activation during response inhibition was differently related to inhibitory performance after placebo and LSD administration. Finally, activation in the left superior frontal gyrus under LSD exposure was negatively related to LSD-induced cognitive impairments and visual imagery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291717002914_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings show that 5-HT<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub>R activation by LSD leads to a hippocampal\u2013prefrontal cortex-mediated breakdown of inhibitory processing, which might subsequently promote the formation of LSD-induced visual imageries. These findings help to better understand the neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms of visual hallucinations in LSD-induced states and neuropsychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291717002914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]],"date-time":"2017-10-02T09:42:23Z","timestamp":1506937343000},"page":"1464-1473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Acute LSD effects on response inhibition neural networks"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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