{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:21:10Z","timestamp":1790724070554,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]],"date-time":"2018-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529280000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291718001617_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression is a common and significant health problem. Hearing loss is the third most common chronic physical condition in the USA and might be a factor in depression. To determine whether hearing loss is associated with depressive symptoms in US adults ages 20\u201369 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291718001617_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2011\u20132012) were used to assess the potential relationship between hearing loss and depression, in adults (20\u201369 years) who answered the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression screening module, with pure tone audiometry measurements, and complete information on the co-variates data (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 3316). The degree of speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) were defined as slight\/mild hearing loss \u2a7e26\u201340 dB; moderate\/worse hearing loss \u2a7e41 dB by pure tone audiometry examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291718001617_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderate\/worse HFHL was statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms (OR 1.54, 95% CL 1.04\u20132.27) when the analyses were conducted among all participants. Further stratification by gender and age groups found that moderate\/worse HFHL (OR 3.85, 95% CL 1.39\u201310.65) and moderate\/worse SFHL (OR 5.75, 95% CL 1.46\u201322.71) were associated with depressive symptoms in women ages 52\u201369 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291718001617_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderate\/worse speech frequency and HFHL are associated with depression in women ages 52\u201369 years, independent of other risk factors. Hearing screenings are likely to reduce delays in diagnosis and provide early opportunities for noise prevention counseling and access to hearing aids. Health professionals should be aware of depressive signs and symptoms in patients with hearing loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291718001617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]],"date-time":"2018-06-18T07:25:59Z","timestamp":1529306759000},"page":"962-968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Age and sex differences in hearing loss association with depressive symptoms: analyses of NHANES 2011\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Franco","family":"Scinicariello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Przybyla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulia","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Eichwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Decker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick N.","family":"Breysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref40","unstructured":"Witters D , Liu D and Agrawal S (2013) Depression costs US workplaces $23 billion in absenteeism. Gallup. Available at http:\/\/www.gallup.com\/poll\/163619\/depression-costs-workplaces-billion-absenteeism.aspx (Accessed 1 September 2017)."},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12110-007-9003-3"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.23.3135"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2010\/09-0132)"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Depression in the U.S. household population, 2009\u20132012","volume":"172","author":"Pratt","year":"2014","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/23446"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2005.07.003"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31363-6"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.1868"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr115"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.26.2.6"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.3527"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2008.06.011"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02317.x"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/43.5.661"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: national health interview survey, 2012","volume":"10","author":"Blackwell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vital and Health Statistics"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/40.3.320"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14848"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802449008"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref36","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Men's Friendships","author":"Spain","year":"1992"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12800"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3180654179"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2010.04.023"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-0028-z"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.2017.38.2.57"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref18","first-page":"1","article-title":"National health and nutrition examination survey: analytic guidelines, 1999\u20132010","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vital and Health Statistics"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1174"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e31819c6e01"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610205002267"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.28"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024238"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.42"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14986"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031912-114409"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.3950"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref22","first-page":"498","article-title":"Hearing impairment and depressive symptoms in an older Chinese population","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02615.x"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e31803126b6"},{"key":"S0033291718001617_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2009.05.005"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291718001617","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T00:26:01Z","timestamp":1555028761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291718001617\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291718001617"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291718001617","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]]}}}