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The aim of this meta-analysis is to identify the most reliable functional anomalies in BD patients during performance of Executive Function (EF) tasks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000473_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A web-based search was performed on publication databases to identify functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of BD patients performing EF tasks and a voxel-based meta-analytic method known as anisotropic Effect Size Signed Differential Mapping (ES-SDM) was used to identify brain regions which showed anomalous activity in BD patients compared with healthy controls (HC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000473_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty datasets consisting of 463 BD patients and 484 HC were included. Compared with HC, BD patients showed significant hypo-activation or failure of activation in the left striatum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.00007), supplementary motor area (BA 6,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.00037), precentral gyrus (BA 6,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0014) and cerebellum (BA 37,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0019), and hyper-activation in the left gyrus rectus (BA 11,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2248 0) and right middle temporal gyrus (BA 22,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.00031) during performance of EF tasks. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses showed that the anomaly of left striatum is consistent across studies and present in both euthymic and BD I patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000473_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with BD consistently showed abnormal activation in the cortico-striatal system during performance of EF tasks compared with HC. Failure of activation of the striatum may be a reliable marker for impairment in performance of especially inhibition tasks by patients with BD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291719000473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T03:44:51Z","timestamp":1554176691000},"page":"653-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Failure of activation of striatum during the performance of executive function tasks in adult patients with bipolar 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