{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T06:39:17Z","timestamp":1794033557084,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554336000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000710_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently, the MONARCA I randomized controlled trial (RCT) was the first to investigate the effect of smartphone-based monitoring in bipolar disorder (BD). Findings suggested that smartphone-based monitoring sustained depressive but reduced manic symptoms. The present RCT investigated the effect of a new smartphone-based system on the severity of depressive and manic symptoms in BD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000710_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled single-blind parallel-group trial. Patients with BD, previously treated at The Copenhagen Clinic for Affective Disorder, Denmark and currently treated at community psychiatric centres, private psychiatrists or GPs were randomized to the use of a smartphone-based system or to standard treatment for 9 months. Primary outcomes: differences in depressive and manic symptoms between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000710_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 129 patients with BD (ICD-10) were included. Intention-to-treat analyses showed no statistically significant effect of smartphone-based monitoring on depressive (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.61, 95% CI \u22120.77 to 2.00,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.38) and manic (B = \u22120.25, 95% CI \u22121.1 to 0.59,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.56) symptoms. The intervention group reported higher quality of life and lower perceived stress compared with the control group. In sub-analyses, the intervention group had higher risk of depressive episodes, but lower risk of manic episodes compared with the control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291719000710_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no effect of smartphone-based monitoring. In patient-reported outcomes, patients in the intervention group reported improved quality of life and reduced perceived stress. Patients in the intervention group had higher risk of depressive episodes and reduced risk of manic episodes. Despite the widespread use and excitement of electronic monitoring, few studies have investigated possible effects. Further studies are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291719000710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T04:37:13Z","timestamp":1554352633000},"page":"838-848","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["The effect of smartphone-based monitoring on illness activity in bipolar disorder: the MONARCA II randomized controlled single-blinded trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0462-6444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Faurholt-Jepsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads","family":"Frost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen Margrethe","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob E.","family":"Bardram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maj","family":"Vinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Vedel","family":"Kessing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1230-7"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00807.x"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.11.021"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-3-5"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000284760"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007118"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.10.053"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.04.013"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n1008"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62160-6"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c869"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2007.00551.x"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2005.04.011"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0437-6"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7177.149"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.03.009"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00548-3"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15504263.2012.723318"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.02.020"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.11.038"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201800063"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0713-0"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1502"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1974.01760120029005"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref75","volume-title":"ICD-10: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems","volume":"2011","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007504"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.064"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145703003341"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1929-y"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0309-5"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157340006778699747"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.113548"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.07.027"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.62.11.pss6211_1267"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(00)00309-8"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.04.021"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref64","unstructured":"Smith, A (2012) Cell internet use 2012. A project of the Pew Research Center. Available at pew.internet.org\/Reports\/2012\/Cell-Internet-Use-2012\/Key-Findings.aspxpew.internet.org\/Reports\/2012\/Cell-Internet-Use-2012\/Key-Findings.aspx."},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.10.019"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-109"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003353"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mental.9092"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12065"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.5.372"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1399-5618.2003.00085.x"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291798006667"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418808900"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00909-4"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.2791"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref55","first-page":"206","article-title":"Application of electronic diaries in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders","volume":"24","author":"Mutschler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatria Danubina"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref72","volume-title":"mHealth: New Horizons for Health Through Mobile Technologies","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3181f49ea3"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481364"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.123"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-017-2015-3"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.08.016"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810180089012"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S244","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-45137","article-title":"The electronic assessment of the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder: the ChronoRecord software","volume":"36","author":"Whybrow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651500510029200"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12332"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000410"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000301"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref9","first-page":"21","article-title":"Does the use of an automated tool for self-reporting mood by patients with bipolar disorder bias the collected data?","volume":"7","author":"Bauer","year":"2005","journal-title":"MedGenMed: Medscape General Medicine"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.48.8.1042","article-title":"A consumer-constructed scale to measure empowerment among users of mental health services","volume":"48","author":"Rogers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11295"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2110363.2110370"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.08.008"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(99)00130-9"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.10.006"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-4-200802190-00008"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13048"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/532020a"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.5.500"},{"key":"S0033291719000710_ref37","unstructured":"FierceWireless (2011) Report: Global smartphone penetration to jump 25% in 2014, led by Asia-Pacific. FierceWireless."}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291719000710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T07:33:53Z","timestamp":1606116833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291719000710\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291719000710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291719000710","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]]}}}