{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:59:43Z","timestamp":1790305183396,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719002915_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Growing evidence has indicated that right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (RVLPFC) is critical in down-regulating emotional responses to social exclusion, and that depression is accompanied by social emotional dysregulation associated with reduced lateral prefrontal engagement. This study used anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to examine whether stimulating RVLPFC could improve emotional down-regulation of social exclusion in individuals with high depressive mood (DM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719002915_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 96 high and 94 low DM individuals received active or sham tDCS while viewing social exclusion or individual negative pictures under no-reappraisal (passive viewing) and reappraisal conditions. Participants rate their negative emotional experience following the presentation of each image. Pupil diameter and visual fixation duration were also recorded during the task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719002915_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was found that tDCS-activated RVLPFC induced a stronger regulation effect on social exclusion than individual negative emotions. The effect of tDCS on regulation of social exclusion was more pronounced in low<jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>high DM individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291719002915_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings demonstrate the specific role of RVLPFC on social emotion regulation, which has implications for refining target areas for the treatment of social emotion dysregulation in depression. However the findings do not suggest that high DM individuals benefit from a single-tDCS session on the emotion regulation of social exclusion. Thus we suggest to use multiple tDCS sessions or transcranial magnetic stimulation to further explore the therapeutic proposal in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291719002915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T06:15:22Z","timestamp":1571206522000},"page":"2768-2779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Improving emotion regulation of social exclusion in depression-prone individuals: a tDCS study targeting right VLPFC"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Zhenhong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291719002915_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.11.001","article-title":"Effects of social exclusion on emotions and oxytocin and cortisol levels in patients with chronic depression","volume":"60","author":"Jobst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"S0033291719002915_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.131.2.202","article-title":"Why does social exclusion hurt? 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