{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T20:36:45Z","timestamp":1791664605791,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589155200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291720001555_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Due to the drastic surge of COVID-19 patients, many countries are considering or already graduating health professional students early to aid professional resources. We aimed to assess outbreak-related psychological distress and symptoms of acute stress reaction (ASR) in health professional students and to characterize individuals with potential need for interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291720001555_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1442 health professional students at Sichuan University, China. At baseline (October 2019), participants were assessed for childhood adversity, stressful life events, internet addiction, and family functioning. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined associations of the above exposures with subsequent psychological distress and ASR in response to the outbreak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291720001555_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and eighty-four (26.63%) participants demonstrated clinically significant psychological distress, while 160 (11.10%) met the criterion for a probable ASR. Individuals who scored high on both childhood adversity and stressful life event experiences during the past year were at increased risks of both distress (ORs 2.00\u20132.66) and probable ASR (ORs 2.23\u20133.10), respectively. Moreover, internet addiction was associated with elevated risks of distress (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.60\u20132.64) and probable ASR (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.50\u20133.10). By contrast, good family functioning was associated with decreased risks of distress (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33\u20130.55) and probable ASR (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33\u20130.69). All associations were independent of baseline psychological distress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291720001555_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that COVID-19 related psychological distress and high symptoms burden of ASR are common among health professional students. Extended family and professional support should be considered for vulnerable individuals during these unprecedented times.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291720001555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,10]],"date-time":"2020-05-10T22:53:32Z","timestamp":1589151212000},"page":"1952-1954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingwen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5382-946X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Unnur A.","family":"Valdimarsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3649-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Fall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3113-9577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.09.013","article-title":"Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"107","author":"Tortella-Feliu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-14-00424.1","article-title":"Post-code PTSD symptoms in internal medicine residents who participate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation events: A mixed methods study","volume":"7","author":"Kolehmainen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Graduate Medical Education"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203976","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"3","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref4","article-title":"Mental health status of doctors and nurses during COVID-19 epidemic in China","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.08.040","article-title":"Social media use and anxiety in emerging adults","volume":"207","author":"Vannucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soldatos, C. R ., Paparrigopoulos Tj Fau - Pappa, D. A. , Pappa Da Fau - Christodoulou, G. N. , & Christodoulou, G. N. (2006). Early post-traumatic stress disorder in relation to acute stress reaction: an ICD-10 study among help seekers following an earthquake. (0165\u20131781 (Print)). doi: 10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.05.018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.05.018"},{"key":"S0033291720001555_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l6036","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6036","article-title":"Stress related disorders and physical health","volume":"367","author":"Bisson","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721000714","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589155200000}}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291720001555","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T07:05:49Z","timestamp":1629443149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291720001555\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291720001555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291720001555","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}