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However, the majority of past research on this subject used cross-sectional designs. We therefore examined if elevated generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and panic disorder (PD) symptoms forecasted lower EF after 20 months through heightened inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721000398_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Community-dwelling adults partook in this study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 614; <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>AGE<\/jats:sub> = 51.80 years, 50% females). Time 1 (T1) symptom severity (Composite International Diagnostic Interview \u2013 Short Form), T2 (2 months after T1) inflammation serum levels (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin-6), and T3 (20 months after T1) EF (Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone) were assessed. Structural equation mediation modeling was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721000398_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Greater T1 MDD and GAD (but not PD) severity predicted increased T2 inflammation (Cohen's <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 0.21\u20131.92). Moreover, heightened T2 inflammation forecasted lower T3 EF (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = \u22121.98 to \u22121.87). T2 inflammation explained 25\u201332% of the negative relations between T1 MDD or GAD and T3 EF. T1 GAD severity predicting T3 EF via T2 inflammation path was stronger among younger (<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. older) adults. Direct effects of T1 MDD, GAD, and PD forecasting decreased T3 EF were found (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = \u22122.02 to \u22121.92). Results remained when controlling for socio-demographic, physical health, and lifestyle factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721000398_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammation can function as a mechanism of the T1 MDD or GAD\u2013T3 EF associations. Interventions that successfully treat depression, anxiety, and inflammation-linked disorders may avert EF decrements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721000398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T08:18:47Z","timestamp":1614759527000},"page":"3625-3635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Depression and worry symptoms predict future executive functioning impairment via inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2023-3173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Hani","family":"Zainal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4010-5328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle G.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000049"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085530"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.06.020"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.09.015"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.107.2.238"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.3.371"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2011.02.001"},{"key":"S0033291721000398_ref79","unstructured":"Weinstein, M. , Ryff, C. 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