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However, not all children with anxiety\/withdrawal problems will experience an AD in later life. Previous studies have shown that the severity of childhood anxiety\/withdrawal accounts for some of the variability in AD outcomes. However, no studies to date have investigated how variation in features of anxiety\/withdrawal may relate to continuity prognoses. The present research addresses this gap.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002889_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 40-year population birth cohort of 1265 children born in Christchurch, New Zealand. Fifteen childhood anxiety\/withdrawal items were measured at 7\u20139 years and AD outcomes were measured at various interviews from 15 to 40 years. Six network models were estimated. Two models estimated the network structure of childhood anxiety\/withdrawal items independently for males and females. Four models estimated childhood anxiety\/withdrawal items predicting adolescent AD (14\u201321 years) and adult AD (21\u201340 years) in both males and females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002889_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately 40% of participants met the diagnostic criteria for an AD during both the adolescent (14\u201321 years) and adult (21\u201340 years) outcome periods. Outcome networks showed that items measuring social and emotional anxious\/withdrawn behaviours most frequently predicted AD outcomes. Items measuring situation-based fears and authority figure-specific anxious\/withdrawn behaviour did not consistently predict AD outcomes. This applied across both the male and female subsamples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002889_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Social and emotional anxious\/withdrawn behaviours in middle childhood appear to carry increased risk for AD outcomes in both adolescence and adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721002889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T07:32:19Z","timestamp":1629790339000},"page":"1343-1354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Childhood anxious\/withdrawn behaviour and later anxiety disorder: a network outcome analysis of a population cohort"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8932-7434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan J.","family":"Monk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7547-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geraldine F. 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