{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T20:20:00Z","timestamp":1793996400831,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627862400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"funder":[{"name":"Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China","award":["19YJC190034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19YJC190034"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002932_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type D personality and depression are the independent psychological risk factors for adverse outcomes in cardiovascular patients. The aim of this study was to examine the combined effect of Type D personality and depression on clinical outcomes in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002932_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective cohort study included 3568 patients diagnosed with AMI between February 2017 and September 2018. Type D personality and depression were assessed at baseline, while the major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rate (cardiac death, recurrent non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, and stroke) and in-stent restenosis (ISR) rate were analyzed after a 2-year follow-up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002932_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 437 patients developed MACEs and 185 had ISR during the follow-up period. The Type D (+) depression (+) and Type D (+) depression (\u2212) groups had a higher risk of MACE [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74\u20136.07] (95% CI 1.25\u20132.96) and ISR (95% CI 3.09\u20138.28) (95% CI 1.85\u20136.22). Analysis of Type D and depression as continuous variables indicated that the main effect of Type D, depression and their combined effect were significantly associated with MACE and ISR. Moreover, Type D (+) depression (+) and Type D (+) depression (\u2212) emerged as significant risk factors for MACE and ISR in males, while only Type D (+) depression (+) was associated with MACE and ISR in female patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721002932_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that patients complicated with depression and Type D personality are at a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Individual assessments of Type D personality and depression, and comprehensive interventions are required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721002932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T07:56:19Z","timestamp":1627890979000},"page":"1379-1389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The combined impact of Type D personality and depression on cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yini","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenjuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guojie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22865"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.02.064"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006580"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874434601812010205"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.09.028"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.21043"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2004.12.011"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2018.02.009"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.07.028"},{"key":"S0033291721002932_ref29","first-page":"181","article-title":"Type D personality impairs quality of life, coping and short-term psychological outcome in patients attending an outpatient intensive program of cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"74","author":"Sogaro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease. 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