{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:54:53Z","timestamp":1792803293457,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646352000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/R004803\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R004803\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005079_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN\/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005079_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN\/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN\/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3212\u20135369 per phenotype).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005079_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN\/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN\/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2 =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.03 (\n                      <jats:sc>s.e.<\/jats:sc>\n                      = 0.01) for AN and AN\/OCD PGS at age 14;\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2 =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05 (\n                      <jats:sc>s.e.<\/jats:sc>\n                      = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005079_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721005079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T07:41:37Z","timestamp":1646379697000},"page":"3021-3035","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8145-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Schaumberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Halvorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica L.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh C.","family":"Brosof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Tourette Syndrome\/Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol A.","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mattheisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerome","family":"Breen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia 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