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Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005444_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is a well-established first-line intervention for anxiety-related disorders, including specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder\/agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Several neural predictors of CBT outcome for anxiety-related disorders have been proposed, but previous results are inconsistent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005444_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigating whole-brain predictors of CBT outcome in anxiety-related disorders (17 studies, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 442).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005444_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across different tasks, we observed that brain response in a network of regions involved in salience and interoception processing, encompassing fronto-insular (the right inferior frontal gyrus-anterior insular cortex) and fronto-limbic (the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex-dorsal anterior cingulate cortex) cortices was strongly associated with a positive CBT outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005444_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that there are robust neural predictors of CBT outcome in anxiety-related disorders that may eventually lead (probably in combination with other data) to develop personalized approaches for the treatment of these mental disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721005444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T08:15:19Z","timestamp":1641888919000},"page":"3387-3395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Neural predictors of cognitive-behavior therapy outcome in anxiety-related disorders: a meta-analysis of task-based fMRI 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