{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:01:47Z","timestamp":1787061707569,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648425600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005493_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The serotonin (5-HT) hypothesis of anorexia nervosa (AN) posits that individuals predisposed toward or recovered from AN (recAN) have a central nervous hyperserotonergic state and therefore restrict food intake as a means to reduce 5-HT availability (via diminished tryptophan-derived precursor supply) and alleviate associated negative mood states. Importantly, the 5-HT system has also been generally implicated in reward processing, which has also been shown to be altered in AN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005493_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this double-blind crossover study, 22 individuals recAN and 25 healthy control participants (HC) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing an established instrumental reward learning paradigm during acute tryptophan depletion (ATD; a dietary intervention that lowers central nervous 5-HT availability) as well as a sham depletion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005493_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On a behavioral level, the main effects of reward and ATD were evident, but no group differences were found. fMRI analyses revealed a group \u00d7 ATD \u00d7 reward level interaction in the ventral anterior insula during reward anticipation as well as in the medial orbitofrontal cortex during reward consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291721005493_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"discussion\">\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The precise pattern of results is suggestive of a \u2018normalization\u2019 of reward-related neural responses during ATD in recAN compared to HC. Our results lend further evidence to the 5-HT hypothesis of AN. Decreasing central nervous 5-HT synthesis and availability during ATD and possibly also by dieting may be a means to normalize 5-HT availability and associated brain processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291721005493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T05:27:09Z","timestamp":1648445229000},"page":"3426-3436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The effects of acute tryptophan depletion on instrumental reward learning in anorexia nervosa \u2013 an fMRI study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4558-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julius","family":"Steding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3341-7166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Ritschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilka","family":"Boehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2076-5329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Geisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2864-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph A.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1873-7081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veit","family":"Roessner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5398-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael N.","family":"Smolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8318-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian Daniel","family":"Zepf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Ehrlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.08.007"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0396-x"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1238-4"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1991.tb01412.x"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22016"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2020.1748600"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.5.399"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20575"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.07.024"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00777"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10135"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09010071"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.890"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(03)00059-3"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02903-7"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.02.002"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.03.006"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0053-12.2012"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01378-1"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4982-07.2008"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.01007"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001120170107"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.106"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2010_78"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.11111745"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.9"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.06.010"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(86)90179-7"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108089597"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00484"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.05.028"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref45","volume-title":"BDI-II Beck-Depressions-Inventar","author":"Hautzinger","year":"2009"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.07.060"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref3","first-page":"163","article-title":"Decreased 5-HT2a receptor binding in patients with anorexia nervosa","volume":"44","author":"Audenaert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine: Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(88)90013-6"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref49","first-page":"590","article-title":"Effect of tryptophan depletion on conditioned threat memory expression: Role of intolerance of uncertainty","volume":"6","author":"Kanen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00356-9"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2003.92.1.67"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(88)90113-8"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12287"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0335-6"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)00173-Z"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0218-3"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00172-0"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301443"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.12.016"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.02.003"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20229"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref19","first-page":"S0306452220305790","article-title":"The anticipation and perception of affective touch in women with and recovered from anorexia nervosa","volume":"464","author":"Crucianelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.02.012"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref83","volume-title":"WIE \u2013 wechsler intelligenztest f\u00fcr erwachsene","author":"von Aster","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2005.01628.x"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.121"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.10.5308"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49884-6"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101872"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1078749"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.06.019"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12215"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0493-1"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000276"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.06.010"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22439"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref8","unstructured":"Brett, M. , Anton, J.-L. , Valabregue, R. , & Poline, J.-B. (2002). Region of interest analysis using an SPM toolbox. 8th International Conference on Functional Mapping of the Human Brain, 16, 497."},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref31","volume-title":"SIAB. Strukturiertes inventar f\u00fcr anorektische und bulimische essst\u00f6rungen nach DSM-IV und ICD-10","author":"Fichter","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref70","volume-title":"Eating disorder inventory-2 (EDI-2): Deutsche version","author":"Paul","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00052-7"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.140249"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2012.761215"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.10.011"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809141106"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.045"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref23","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Progress in brain research","volume":"172","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref12","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"95","author":"Comai","year":"2020"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.51"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.09.009"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790150040007"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2513-09.2009"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2017.11.006"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00245"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300663"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810300068010"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-009-0092-3"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref61","volume-title":"Mini-DIPS: Diagnostisches kurz-interview bei psychischen st\u00f6rungen; handbuch","author":"Margraf","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.04.013"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01260"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.09.024"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.120209"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.10.029"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2005.01627.x"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00108-0"},{"key":"S0033291721005493_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23165"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291721005493","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T03:14:27Z","timestamp":1686885267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291721005493\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291721005493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291721005493","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}