{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T12:47:11Z","timestamp":1776862031189,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653868800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291722001350_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transition to adolescence implicates heightened vulnerability alongside increased opportunities for resilience. Contexts of early life stress (ELS) exacerbate risk; still, little research addressed biobehavioral mediators of risk and resilience across the adolescent transition following ELS. Utilizing a unique cohort, we tested biosocial moderators of chronicity in adolescents\u2019 internalizing disorders <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> resilience.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291722001350_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Families exposed to chronic war-related trauma, <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> controls, were followed. We utilized data from three time-points framing the adolescent transition: late childhood (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 177, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 9.3 years \u00b1 1.41), early adolescence (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 111, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 11 0.66 years \u00b1 1.23), and late adolescence (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 138, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub> = 15.65 years \u00b1 1.31). In late childhood and late adolescence children's internalizing disorders were diagnosed. At early adolescence maternal and child's hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), maternal sensitivity, and mothers\u2019 post-traumatic symptoms evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291722001350_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>War-exposed children exhibited more internalizing disorders of chronic trajectory and mothers were less sensitive and more symptomatic. Three pathways elucidated the continuity of psychopathology: (a) maternal sensitivity moderated the risk of chronic psychopathology, (b) maternal post-traumatic symptoms mediated continuity of risk, (c) trauma exposure moderated the association between child internalizing disorders at late childhood and maternal HCC, which linked with child HCC. Child HCC linked with maternal post-traumatic symptoms, which were associated with child disorders in late adolescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291722001350_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results demonstrate the complex interplay of maternal and child's biosocial factors as mediators and moderators of risk chronicity across the adolescent transition following trauma. Findings are first to utilize maternal and child's HCC as biomarkers of chronic stress <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> resilience during adolescence, a period of neural reorganization and personal growth that shapes the individual's lifetime adaptation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291722001350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T08:36:49Z","timestamp":1653899809000},"page":"4487-4498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Continuity of psychopathology <i>v.<\/i> resilience across the transition to adolescence: role of hair cortisol and sensitive caregiving"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7580-3957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Yirmiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shai","family":"Motsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orna","family":"Zagoory-Sharon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anat","family":"Schonblum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5048-1381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref3","volume-title":"Amos","author":"Arbuckle","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-011-9651-9"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000667"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.09.001"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00015"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-016-0578-z"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800417711583"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.08.019"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.9.4.445"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080499"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-013-0369-7"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.05.017"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00732"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.11.015"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2015.1110823"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.03.011"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref45","unstructured":"Hayes, A. F. (2013). Model templates for PROCESS for SPSS and SAS. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/afhayes.com\/public\/templates.pdf."},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.07.015"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717002550"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.04.002"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-013-9976-7"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000369"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.08.016"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21840"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref31","first-page":"645","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in infants and young children exposed to war-related trauma","volume":"50","author":"Feldman","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAAC"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419001779"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21302"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.09.006"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2017.1340451"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-018-1944-7"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref47","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-062520-122331"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410802148210"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2014.00204"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22818"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.104470"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2000.tb02345.x"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00087"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref77","first-page":"12","article-title":"Improving your data transformations: Applying the Box-Cox transformation","volume":"15","author":"Osborne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2020.1737008"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2009.05.002"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.01.009"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.113244"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12622"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-017-0032-3"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315757421"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2014.6"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000291"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035055"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2010.02314.x"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730903282472"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref26","volume-title":"Coding interactive behavior (CIB) manual","author":"Feldman","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000307"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20573"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2324-8947.1000126"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014360"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.186"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03637751.2017.1352100"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1314.006"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1385"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21449"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033259"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579407070241"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20729"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.06.023"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23196"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2019.10.011"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000413"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.02.031"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref55","first-page":"501","article-title":"Interoception and mental health: A roadmap","volume":"3","author":"Khalsa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22777"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-011-9740-9"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2011.09.009"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.40.6.1133"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3313"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-081219-102046"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.11.008"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.10.022"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/icd.633"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.14"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2842"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v059.i05"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.084"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2010.00151"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032671"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013002507972"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13271"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.02.002"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-020-01537-0"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.112.4.558"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62116-9"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.10.004"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.07.193"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-007-0653-9"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2015.1057284"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2021.105176"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579409000017"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref106","volume-title":"The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)","author":"Weathers","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000932"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02777-9"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2018.09.004"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12700"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21497"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-12-03943.1996"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.104374"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2011.01.015"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-01264-x"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431613501408"},{"key":"S0033291722001350_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.187"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291722001350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T13:36:24Z","timestamp":1730295384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291722001350\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291722001350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291722001350","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}