{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T14:07:30Z","timestamp":1792159650515,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669161600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S003329172200349X_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We need to better understand the frequency and predictors of opioid use disorder (OUD) after first opioid prescription (OP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S003329172200349X_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We followed 1 516 392 individuals from the Swedish population born 1980\u20132000, from 1 July 2007, until 31 Dec 2017. We examined putative risk predictors with univariable and multivariable Cox Models and the potential causal effects of predictors by propensity score and co-sibling analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S003329172200349X_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the individuals in our cohort, 24.8% (375 404) received a first OP, of whom 3034 (0.90%) developed a subsequent first OUD. The hazard ratio (HR) (\u00b1 95% CIs) for OUD after OP equaled 7.10 (6.75\u20137.46), with a mean time to onset of 3.41 (2.39) years. The strongest putative risk factors for development of OUD after OP were prior psychiatric and substance use disorders, criminal behavior, parental divorce\/death, poor school performance, current community deprivation, divorce, and male sex. Few predictors differed across sexes. OP renewal was associated with a HR of 3.66 (3.41\u20133.93) for OUD. Co-sibling and propensity score analyses suggested that at least a moderate proportion of the risk factor-OUD association was likely causal. A risk score to predict OUD after OP had an AUC of 0.85, where nearly 60% of cases scoring in the top decile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S003329172200349X_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a general population sample, an OP represents a substantial risk factor for subsequent OUD. Many of the risk factors for OUD after OP can be readily assessed at the time of potential OP, permitting clinicians to evaluate the risk of iatrogenic OUD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003329172200349x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T05:31:10Z","timestamp":1669181470000},"page":"6223-6231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Risk factors for the development of opioid use disorder after first opioid prescription: a Swedish national study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8689-6570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Kendler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara 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The Author(s), 2022. 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