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Personality relates to mental health and can be used to probe the nature of PT's therapeutic action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291723001514_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, over a core 6-week trial period. Five-Factor model personality domains, Big Five Aspect Scale Openness aspects, Absorption, and Impulsivity were measured at Baseline, Week 6, and Month 6 follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291723001514_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PT was associated with decreases in neuroticism (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.63), introversion (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.38), disagreeableness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.47), impulsivity (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.40), and increases in absorption (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.32), conscientiousness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.30), and openness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.23) at week 6, with neuroticism (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.47) and disagreeableness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.41) remaining decreased at month 6. Escitalopram Treatment (ET) was associated with decreases in neuroticism (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.38), disagreeableness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.26), impulsivity (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.35), and increases in openness (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.28) at week 6, with neuroticism (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.46) remaining decreased at month 6. No significant between-condition differences were observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291723001514_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Personality changes across both conditions were in a direction consistent with improved mental health. With the possible exception of trait absorption, there were no compelling between-condition differences warranting conclusions regarding a selective action of PT (\n                      <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>\n                      ET) on personality; however, post-ET changes in personality were significantly moderated by pre-trial positive expectancy for escitalopram, whereas expectancy did not moderate response to PT.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291723001514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T08:07:39Z","timestamp":1685693259000},"page":"178-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v. escitalopram treatment for 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