{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:05:46Z","timestamp":1792292746115,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698192000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003136_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>People with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) encounter greater social adversities than the general population and have an increased prevalence of mental illness. However, little is known about the socio-demographic characteristics and mental health of parents with BIF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003136_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A secondary data analysis of the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2014 was conducted. Logistic regression models were fitted to compare differences in socio-demographic, mental health and service-use characteristics between parents and non-parents with and without BIF, and to investigate if the relationship between parent status and mental health outcomes was modified by BIF status, sex, and employment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003136_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 6872 participants was analyzed; 69.1% were parents. BIF parents had higher odds of common mental disorder, severe mental illness, post-traumatic stress disorder, self-harm\/suicide and were more likely to see their General Practitioner (GP) and to receive mental health treatment than non-BIF parents. BIF parents did not have a higher prevalence of mental health problems than BIF non-parents. Being a parent, after adjusting for BIF status and other confounders, was associated with increased odds of having a common mental disorder, visits to see a GP and treatment for mental health. Female parents had higher odds of treatment for mental health problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003136_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Being a parent is associated with elevated rates of common mental disorders. There is a higher burden of mental health problems and service use in people with BIF. A greater provision of specialist support services including ascertainment is indicated for this group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291723003136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T09:02:55Z","timestamp":1698224575000},"page":"1294-1308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mental health and service use of parents with and without borderline intellectual functioning"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonya","family":"Rudra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"McManus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Hassiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0104-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afia","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2015.10.004"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.626456"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240807300207"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-63"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2007.01001.x"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.057075"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2016.5979"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref13","unstructured":"Devost, A.-M. B. (2015). A scoping review of fathers with mental illness . Doctoral dissertation, Laurentian University of Sudbury. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/A-scoping-review-of-fathers-with-mental-illness-Devost\/08b1a1554ff5effb51b48350fd96041e67115af1"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref57","volume-title":"Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-V1.1 (ASRS-V1.1) Screen. WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12131"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005592401947"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371105600908"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13135"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-123.5.399"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1979.tb02415.x"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.11.1873"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12218"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref55","unstructured":"Weathers, F. W. , Litz, B. T. , Herman, D. S. , Huska, J. A. , & Keane, T. M. (1993). The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility. Paper presented at the annual convention of the international society for traumatic stress studies, San Antonio, TX. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.warrington.gov.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-09\/english-indices-of-deprivation-2015-research-report.pdf"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-2880-9"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30001-8"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.190652"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.10.017"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref33","volume-title":"Inequalities in health and service use among people with borderline intellectual impairment","author":"McManus","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2019.01.004"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.04.026"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.12.029"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12619"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref50","volume-title":"The English indices of deprivation 2015","author":"Smith","year":"2015)."},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170002105X"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12169"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of women with disabilities: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea","volume":"10","author":"Shin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00136-5"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-018-0935-x"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14120"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-120.5.433"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09602011.2016.1231121"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13668250802007903"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001493"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2019.100871"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106180"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref15","unstructured":"Equality Act. (2010). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2010\/15\/contents"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-019-2376-0"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700030415"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30308-4"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711001292"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(92)90016-H"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-07-2017-0031"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2016.12.007"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref41","unstructured":"Nelson, H. (1982). National Adult Reading Test (NART). NFER-Nelson, Windsor, Berks."},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref23","unstructured":"Human Rights Act 1998. (2020). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1998\/42"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref34","volume-title":"Mental health and wellbeing in England: The adult psychiatric morbidity survey 2014","author":"McManus","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.115.051490"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.005"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-016-0474-x"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz224"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref58","volume-title":"SCAN Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry Version 2.1","year":"1999"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"S0033291723003136_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2017.02.010"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291723003136","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T07:18:31Z","timestamp":1712560711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291723003136\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291723003136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291723003136","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}