{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:37:47Z","timestamp":1790786267304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700784000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003197_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent findings suggest that brief dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder is effective for reducing self-harm, but it remains unknown which patients are likely to improve in brief <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> 12 months of DBT. Research is needed to identify patient characteristics that moderate outcomes. Here, we characterized changes in cognition across brief DBT (DBT-6) <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> a standard 12-month course (DBT-12) and examined whether cognition predicted self-harm outcomes in each arm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003197_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this secondary analysis of 240 participants in the FASTER study (NCT02387736), cognitive measures were administered at pre-treatment, after 6 months, and at 12 months. Self-harm was assessed from pre-treatment to 2-year follow-up. Multilevel models characterized changes in cognition across treatment. Generalized estimating equations examined whether pre-treatment cognitive performance predicted self-harm outcomes in each arm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003197_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive performance improved in both arms after 6 months of treatment, with no between-arm differences at 12-months. Pre-treatment inhibitory control was associated with different self-harm outcomes in DBT-6 <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> DBT-12. For participants with average inhibitory control, self-harm outcomes were significantly better when assigned to DBT-12, relative to DBT-6, at 9\u201318 months after initiating treatment. In contrast, participants with poor inhibitory control showed better self-harm outcomes when assigned to brief DBT-6 <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> DBT-12, at 12\u201324 months after initiating treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0033291723003197_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work represents an initial step toward an improved understanding of patient profiles that are best suited to briefer <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> standard 12 months of DBT, but observed effects should be replicated in a waitlist-controlled study to confirm that they were treatment-specific.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291723003197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T08:15:06Z","timestamp":1700813706000},"page":"1350-1360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pretreatment cognitive performance is associated with differential self-harm outcomes in 6 <i>v<\/i>. 12-months of dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Jenna M.","family":"Traynor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley","family":"McMain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander L.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Labrish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1942-7181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony C.","family":"Ruocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2001.26271","article-title":"A twenty-seven year follow-up of borderline patients","volume":"42","author":"Paris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref15","volume-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, research version (non-patient ed.)","author":"First","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1159\/000110626","article-title":"Response inhibition in borderline personality disorder: Performance in a Go\/Nogo task","volume":"41","author":"Rentrop","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref16","volume-title":"User's guide for the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders (SCID-II)","author":"First","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.6.537","article-title":"Suicide following deliberate self-harm: Long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital","volume":"182","author":"Hawton","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1410","article-title":"Differential relations of executive functioning to borderline personality disorder presentations in adolescents","volume":"12","author":"Kalpakci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Personality and Mental Health"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.09.001","article-title":"Biomarker correlates of psychotherapy outcomes in borderline personality disorder: A systematic review","volume":"94","author":"Marceau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"S0033291723003197_ref47","volume-title":"The Collected Works of John W. 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