{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T16:10:28Z","timestamp":1772122228707,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712016000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["274359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["274359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291724000503_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dysmyelination could be part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BPD), yet few studies have examined myelination of the cerebral cortex. The ratio of T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) correlates with intracortical myelin. We investigated the T1w\/T2w-ratio and its age trajectories in patients and healthy controls (CTR) and explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291724000503_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with SCZ (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 64; mean age = 30.4 years,\n                      <jats:sc>s.d.<\/jats:sc>\n                      = 9.8), BPD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 91; mean age 31.0 years,\n                      <jats:sc>s.d.<\/jats:sc>\n                      = 10.2), and CTR (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 155; mean age = 31.9 years,\n                      <jats:sc>s.d.<\/jats:sc>\n                      = 9.1) who participated in the TOP study (NORMENT, University of Oslo, Norway) were clinically assessed and scanned using a General Electric 3 T MRI system. T1w\/T2w-ratio images were computed using an optimized pipeline with intensity normalization and field inhomogeneity correction. Vertex-wise regression models were used to compare groups and examine group \u00d7 age interactions. In regions showing significant differences, we explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291724000503_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No main effect of diagnosis was found. However, age slopes of the T1w\/T2w-ratio differed significantly between SCZ and CTR, predominantly in frontal and temporal lobe regions: Lower T1w\/T2w-ratio values with higher age were found in CTR, but not in SCZ. Follow-up analyses revealed a more positive age slope in patients who were using antipsychotics and patients using higher chlorpromazine-equivalent doses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291724000503_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While we found no evidence of reduced intracortical myelin in SCZ or BPD relative to CTR, different regional age trajectories in SCZ may suggest a promyelinating effect of antipsychotic medication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291724000503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T10:58:31Z","timestamp":1712055511000},"page":"2369-2379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessing regional intracortical myelination in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders using the optimized T1w\/T2w-ratio"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5751-4809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kjetil Nordb\u00f8","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8771-8856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stener","family":"Nerland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9360-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora Berz","family":"Slap\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7489-2724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linn B.","family":"Norbom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0185-3713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynn","family":"M\u00f8rch-Johnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2721-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Anne","family":"Wortinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6544-0945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4735-3383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Andreou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6319-6774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan I.","family":"Maximov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3919-7579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver M.","family":"Geier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4461-3568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ole A.","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8368-6332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik G.","family":"J\u00f6nsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9839-5391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Agartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.170"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2011.06.009"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt109"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2513"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25386"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(02)00364-0"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.040"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261"},{"key":"S0033291724000503_ref58","first-page":"229","article-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance in bipolar affective disorders","volume":"4","author":"Rangel-Guerra","year":"1983","journal-title":"AJNR. 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