{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:45:30Z","timestamp":1786999530600,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023TQ0027; 2024M754099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TQ0027; 2024M754099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291725000625_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with chronic insomnia are characterized by alterations in default mode network and alpha oscillations, for which the medial parietal cortex (MPC) is a key node and thus a potential target for interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291725000625_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-six adults with chronic insomnia were randomly assigned to 2 mA, alpha-frequency (10 Hz), 30 min active or sham transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied over the MPC for 10 sessions completed within two weeks, followed by 4- and 6-week visits. The connectivity of the dorsal and ventral posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC) was calculated based on resting functional MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291725000625_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the primary outcome, the active group showed a higher response rate (\u2265 50% reduction in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) at week 6 than that of the sham group (71.4% versus 3.6%) (risk ratio 20.0, 95% confidence interval 2.9 to 139.0, p = 0.0025). For the secondary outcomes, the active therapy induced greater and sustained improvements (versus sham) in the PSQI, depression (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), and cognitive deficits (Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression) scores. The response rates in the active group decreased at weeks 8\u201314 (42.9%\u201357.1%). Improvement in sleep was associated with connectivity between the vPCC and the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior parietal lobe, whereas vPCC-to-middle frontal gyrus connectivity was associated with cognitive benefits and vPCC-to-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity was associated with alleviation in rumination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291725000625_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Targeting the MPC with alpha-tACS appears to be an effective treatment for chronic insomnia, and vPCC connectivity represents a prognostic marker of treatment outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291725000625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T04:29:30Z","timestamp":1743136170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Medial parietal alpha-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation for chronic insomnia: a randomized sham-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixin","family":"Piao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuecun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanru","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Huilongguan Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhulin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Lianying Yinghe Medical Imaging Diagnosis Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2690-3125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Puren Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291725000625_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.01.023"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00856"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2021.101569"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r43","first-page":"222","article-title":"Field modeling for transcranial magnetic stimulation: A useful tool to understand the physiological effects of TMS?","volume":"2015","author":"Thielscher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013766"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05595-y"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.09.004"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1773460"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000504609"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5626-10.2011"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.09.012"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2110868119"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00259"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.10.018"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.05.016"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl004"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0212-7"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r52","first-page":"424","article-title":"Analysis of the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Pittsburgh sleep quality index among medical college students","volume":"48","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.09.010"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.12.028"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79816-8"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1515657113"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.646569"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S133423"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1608282113"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13604"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119364"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-016-9299-4"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq295"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.02.003"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.744475"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2018.05.002"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0336"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.55"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.859440"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S195505"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14010076"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.10.035"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2022.33"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.01.001"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab010"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101381"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2012.04.012"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S260611"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S277655"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsy096"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2011.12.001"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13927"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.02.020"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047514"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.876"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21331"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.07.003"},{"key":"S0033291725000625_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12307"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291725101050","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000}}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291725000625","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:25:17Z","timestamp":1761006317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291725000625\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0033291725000625"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291725000625","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and\/or adaptation of the article.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e102"}}