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Overall CM and its subtypes were negatively associated with global\/trait resilience and its domains (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = \u22120.081 to \u22120.330). Emotional abuse\/neglect showed the largest magnitude of effect (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = \u22120.213 to \u22120.321). There was no meta-analytic evidence for an association between sexual abuse and coping, and physical abuse\/neglect and self-esteem. Meta-regressions identified age, sample size, and study quality as moderators. Subgroup analyses found that associations between emotional abuse and emotion regulation were stronger, while associations between emotional abuse and self-esteem were weaker, in western\n                    <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                    non-western countries. No differences were found in associations between CM and resilience in clinical\n                    <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                    non-clinical samples. Narrative synthesis identified several mediators. Associations were of small magnitude and there were a limited number of studies, especially studies assessing CM subtypes, such as physical neglect, bullying, or domestic violence, and resilience domains, such as coping or self-efficacy, in males, and clinical samples. CM exposure negatively impacts resilience in adults, an effect observed across multiple maltreatment types and resilience domains. Interventions focused on resilience in adults with CM histories are needed to improve health and psychosocial outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291725001205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T03:25:12Z","timestamp":1748834712000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Child maltreatment and resilience in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8589-7384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia 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