{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:01:39Z","timestamp":1785405699307,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":210,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291726105303_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are among the most prevalent mental health sequelae in children and adolescents following earthquakes. A recently introduced metric under network theories of psychopathology, network temperature, quantifies the global stability of a symptom network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291726105303_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To examine the developmental trajectory of network temperature in children and adolescents after earthquakes, we established eight prospective cohorts (2\u20134 waves per cohort; total\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a05,794) after the Wenchuan, Yaan, and Jiuzhaigou earthquakes. We assessed PTSD symptoms across three postdisaster periods: early (\u22642.5\u00a0years), middle (3.5\u20135.5\u00a0years), and late (8.5\u201310\u00a0years).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291726105303_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PTSD symptom network temperatures decreased across all eight cohorts. In the early post-Wenchuan period, adolescents declined more slowly than children. Across earthquakes, the early-period decline in children was faster after the Wenchuan earthquake than after the Yaan earthquake; for adolescents, the early-period decline rate followed the order Wenchuan &lt; Jiuzhaigou &lt; Yaan. Across post-earthquake periods, Wenchuan adolescents declined more slowly in the early period than in the middle\/late period, whereas Yaan adolescents declined faster in the early period than in the middle period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0033291726105303_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across all earthquake types and post-earthquake periods, the PTSD symptom network system became increasingly stable and resistant to change. These findings underscore the necessity of early intervention alongside efforts to prevent deterioration. However, the rate of this decline varied by sample (children versus adolescents), earthquake, and post-earthquake period. Clinically, this calls for intervention strategies that are adjusted according to these factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291726105303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:23:21Z","timestamp":1785403401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in the network temperature of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among children and adolescents following earthquakes"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Liying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2756-0548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"XinChun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pingshan Foreign Languages School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8550-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022k4wk35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Beijing Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0033291726105303_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22723"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r14","unstructured":"Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. (2025). 2024 Disasters in numbers. https:\/\/www.preventionweb.net\/publication\/documents-and-publications\/2024-disasters-numbers"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187-019-09634-6"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.08.002"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.04.047"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-021-00055-w"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r36","first-page":"51","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth among adolescent survivors after the Wenchuan earthquake","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences)"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r37","unstructured":"Weathers, F. W. , Litz, B. T. , Keane, T. M. , Palmieri, P. A. , Marx, B. P. , & Schnurr, P. P. (2013). The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Scale available from the National Center for PTSD at www.ptsd.va.gov"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05918"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.06.001"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.09.047"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-025-10575-4"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r38","first-page":"41","article-title":"Dialectical understanding posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth: A perspective of integration and comparison","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences)"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01178-9"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.09.004"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15374424JCCP3003_9"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1700614"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r19","first-page":"593","article-title":"The theoretical and statistical Ising model: A practical guide in\u00a0R","volume":"3","author":"Finnemann","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Psychiatrist"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.04.046"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-025-00415-5"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2019.02.009"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r35","first-page":"615","article-title":"Interaction between posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth among adolescents who experience an earthquake: A repeated longitudinal study","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1501_01"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20375"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00334-1"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-9820-0_26"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2024.12.028"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r40","unstructured":"Zhang, L. (2026). Changes in the network temperature of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among children and adolescents following earthquakes. Retrieved from osf.io\/4jrst"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0001376"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21840"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00123-0"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008066.2024.2365477"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000115"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000213"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015585313"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000476"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000446"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000439"},{"key":"S0033291726105303_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2023.102767"}],"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291726105303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:23:24Z","timestamp":1785403404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291726105303\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0033291726105303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291726105303","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e242"}}