{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:47:37Z","timestamp":1761806857068},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]],"date-time":"1997-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":857174400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background.<\/jats:bold> The treatment of Tourette's syndrome \n(TS) is often unsatisfactory. However, there is some evidence that \ntransdermal nicotine patch (TNP) application may improve tics of \nnon-smoking TS patients who are refractory to haloperidol \ntreatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold> In this open study we applied two 10 mg TNP for 2 \nconsecutive days to four TS patients whose symptoms were not \ncontrolled by haloperidol and to a never-medicated TS patient, all of \nwhom are non-smokers. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and a \nquantified video-taped micro-structured analysis of tics (head-shake \ntics, eye-blinks, vocal tics, facial grimace and other body tics) were \nboth carried out to assess the change after the application of TNP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> TNP application significantly reduced the YGTSS \nby an average of 50%, with no reported side-effects, for up to 4 weeks \nbut not 16 weeks, as compared with TNP-free period. Consistent with \nthese results, the total counts of tics also showed a significant \ndecrease for up to 4 weeks after the TNP application.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> TNP application differentially affected \nindividually quantified tics, which may suggest a differential role of \nnicotinic receptors in the generation of different tics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291796003984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:33:33Z","timestamp":1027776813000},"page":"483-487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Differential effects of transdermal nicotine on microstructured \nanalyses of tics in Tourette's syndrome: an open study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"SERDAR M.","family":"DURSUN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL A.","family":"REVELEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,3,1]]},"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291796003984","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]],"date-time":"2019-05-12T19:02:31Z","timestamp":1557687751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291796003984\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291796003984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291796003984","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]}}}