{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:04:08Z","timestamp":1792184648020,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]],"date-time":"1999-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":925516800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background.<\/jats:bold> General population data were used to study co-morbidities between lifetime social \nphobia and mood disorders.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold> Data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey (NCS).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> Strong associations exist between lifetime social phobia and major depressive disorder \n(odds ratio 2\u00b79), dysthymia (2\u00b77) and bipolar disorder (5\u00b79). Odds ratios increase in magnitude with \nnumber of social fears. Reported age of onset is earlier for social phobia than mood disorders in \nthe vast majority of co-morbid cases. Temporally-primary social phobia predicts subsequent onset \nof mood disorders, with population attributable risk proportions of 10\u201315%. Social phobia is also \nassociated with severity and persistence of co-morbid mood disorders.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions.<\/jats:bold> Social phobia is a commonly occurring, chronic and seriously impairing disorder that \nis seldom treated unless it occurs in conjunction with another co-morbid condition. The adverse \nconsequences of social phobia include increased risk of onset, severity and course of subsequent \nmood disorders. Early outreach and treatment of primary social phobia might not only reduce the \nprevalence of this disorder itself, but also the subsequent onset of mood disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291799008375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:33:33Z","timestamp":1027776813000},"page":"555-567","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":314,"title":["Lifetime co-morbidities between social phobia and \nmood disorders in the US National Comorbidity \nSurvey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"R. C.","family":"KESSLER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"STANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.-U.","family":"WITTCHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"STEIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. E.","family":"WALTERS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]},"container-title":["Psychological Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0033291799008375","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T15:28:42Z","timestamp":1554996522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0033291799008375\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0033291799008375"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291799008375","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]}}}