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Studying the socio-ecological factors that favour egalitarian processes or inequality and slavery maps the same spectrum of individual autonomy from two ends. Including slavery in the analysis\u2019 scope is consistent with their paradigm and complements their approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0140525x26105834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:13:56Z","timestamp":1790950436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Slavery as a process of maintaining extreme inequality"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2362-9691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gewei","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref10","volume-title":"Western Indians: Comparative environments, languages, and cultures of 172 Western American Indian Tribes","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.an.11.100182.001231"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2016134118"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/2405836X-00801002"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA8963","article-title":"The economics of labor coercion","volume":"79","author":"Acemoglu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref14","first-page":"rdaf095","article-title":"All along the watchtower: Military landholders and serfdom consolidation in early modern Russia","author":"Matranga","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Review of Economic Studies"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref19","volume-title":"Slavery in Indian country: The changing face of captivity in early America","author":"Snyder","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/jj.28414768.7"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815874-6.00013-7"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ehs.2021.32"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-937X.2008.00511.x"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecoj.12034"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-13260-5"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Archaeology of slavery from cross-cultural perspective","volume":"2017","author":"Hrn\u010d\u00ed\u0159","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cross-Cultural Research"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref17","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of the philosophical foundations of business ethics","author":"Rusch","year":"2026"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aman.12969"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref2","volume-title":"The narrow corridor: States, societies, and the fate of liberty","author":"Acemoglu","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref6","volume-title":"Aboriginal slavery on the northwest coast of North America","author":"Donald","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/659102"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022050700078566"},{"key":"S0140525X26105834_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/718372"}],"container-title":["Behavioral and Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0140525X26105834","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:13:58Z","timestamp":1790950438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0140525X26105834\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S0140525X26105834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0140525x26105834","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-525X","1469-1825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-525X","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-1825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. 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