{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:46:58Z","timestamp":1790502418236,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,1]],"date-time":"1997-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":873072000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Brain Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Injury to the central or peripheral nervous system is often \nassociated with persistent pain. After ischemic injury to the spinal  \ncord, rats develop severe mechanical allodynia-like symptoms, \nexpressed as a pain-like response to innocuous stimuli. In its \nshort-lasting phase the allodynia can be relieved with the \n\u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonist baclofen, which \nalso reverses the hyperexcitability of dorsal horn interneurons to \nmechanical stimuli. Furthermore, there is a reduction in GABA \nimmunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of allodynic rats. Clinical \nneuropathic pain of peripheral and central origin often cannot \nbe relieved by opiates at doses that do not cause side effects. \nThe loss of sensitivity to opiates may be associated with the \nup-regulation of endogenous antiopioid substances, such as the \nneuropeptide cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK and its receptor (CCK-R) \nprotein is normally not detectable in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. \nAfter peripheral nerve section, both CCK and CCK-R are up-regulated \nin the dorsal root ganglia. Furthermore, CI 988, an antagonist of the \nCCK-B receptor, chronically coadministered with morphine, reduces \nautotomy, a behavior that may be a sign of neuropathic pain following \nperipheral nerve section. Thus, opiate insensitivity may be due to \nthe release of CCK from injured primary afferents. Similarly, in the \nchronic phase of the spinal ischemic model of central pain, the \nallodynia-like symptom is not relieved by systemic morphine, but \nis significantly reversed by the CCK-B antagonist. Consequently, \nup-regulation of CCK and CCK-R in the CNS may also underlie opiate \ndrug insensitivity following CNS injury. Thus, dysfunction of \ncentral inhibition involving GABA and endogenous opioids may be \na factor underlying the development of sensory abnormalities \nand\/or pain following injury to neural tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0140525x97261480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:32:50Z","timestamp":1027776770000},"page":"420-425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Central inhibitory dysfunctions: Mechanisms and clinical implications"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"Wiesenfeld-Hallin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Aldskogius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.-X.","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"H\u00f6kfelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.-J.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,1]]},"container-title":["Behavioral and Brain Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0140525X97261480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T20:53:07Z","timestamp":1555015987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0140525X97261480\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0140525X97261480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0140525x97261480","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-525X","1469-1825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-525X","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-1825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]}}}