{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:22:13Z","timestamp":1785406933403,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":201,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Technol Assess Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0266462325100329_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Short-course regimens are currently explored to improve multidrug-resistant tuberculosis effects, reduce costs, as well as enhance patient adherence. Currently, we are determining the most cost-effective shorter regimen out of seven short-course regimens (6\u20139\u00a0months) to treat drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) compared to the current standard of care (SoC) 9- to 11-month regimen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0266462325100329_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cost-effectiveness of various short-course DR-TB treatment regimens, namely BEAT, BPaL, BPaLM, BPaLC, mBPaL1, mBPaL2, and mBPaL3, was compared to the current SoC in India. Decision tree model was used from a health system perspective. The information on various costs \u2013 such as preinvestigations, regimens, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) management, inpatient treatment \u2013 and on effect \u2013 such as clinical outcomes and ADRs \u2013 was collected from different published sources. It estimated costs, quality-adjusted life years, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate outcomes against the willingness-to-pay threshold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0266462325100329_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When all the short-course regimens were compared with the current SoC regimen, the ICERs were \u20b95,385, \u20b92,014, \u20b92,008, \u20b92,435, \u20b91,462, \u20b91,159, and \u20b91,895 for BEAT, BPaL, BPaLM, BPaLC, mBPaL1, mBPaL2, and mBPaL3, respectively. Among the short-course regimens, mBPaL2 is the dominant strategy, and mBPaL1 has extended dominance. For all Bedaquiline-containing regimens, the cost of the drug is a crucial factor in determining cost effectiveness. The cost-effectiveness acceptability curve showed that all shorter regimens were 100 percent cost-effective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0266462325100329_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The implementation of Bedaquiline-based regimen to treat DR-TB has become more effective, shorter in duration, and less burdensome to the health system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0266462325100329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T04:54:29Z","timestamp":1753073669000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing cost-effectiveness of short-course regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in India"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1209-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malaisamy","family":"Muniyandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaji","family":"Ramraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathishkumar","family":"Vadamalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahil","family":"Abdul Salam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bella","family":"Devaleenal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Jaju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037x4qk98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrasekaran","family":"Padmapriyadarsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0266462325100329_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0649"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31644-1"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r48","first-page":"242","article-title":"Cost and cost-effectiveness of BPaL regimen used in drug-resistant TB treatment in the Philippines","volume":"1","author":"Evans","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0035"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-007182"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1704_16"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r4","volume-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1779OC"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r6","first-page":"124","article-title":"Multi drug and extensively drug-resistant TB (M\/XDR-TB) management: Current issues","author":"Rajendra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Global Health"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0035"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2018.04.011"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05491-3"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8080411"},{"key":"S0266462325100329_r41","unstructured":"41. 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