{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T22:04:26Z","timestamp":1778537066017,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,8]],"date-time":"2005-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107820800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Econom. Theory"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In Perez-Amaral, Gallo, and White (2003, \n<jats:italic>Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statstics<\/jats:italic> 65, 821\u2013838), \nthe authors proposed an automatic predictive modeling tool called \nrelevant transformation of the inputs network approach (RETINA). It is \ndesigned to embody flexibility (using nonlinear transformations of the \npredictors of interest), selective search within the range of possible \nmodels, control of collinearity, out-of-sample forecasting ability, and \ncomputational simplicity. In this paper we compare the characteristics \nof RETINA with PcGets, a well-known automatic modeling method proposed \nby David Hendry. We point out similarities, differences, and \ncomplementarities of the two methods. In an example using U.S. \ntelecommunications demand data we find that RETINA can improve both in- \nand out-of-sample over the usual linear regression model and over some \nmodels suggested by PcGets. Thus, both methods are useful components of \nthe modern applied econometrician's automated modeling tool \nchest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0266466605050152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,25]],"date-time":"2005-04-25T14:15:35Z","timestamp":1114438535000},"page":"262-277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A COMPARISON OF COMPLEMENTARY AUTOMATIC MODELING METHODS: RETINA \nAND PcGets"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Teodosio","family":"Perez-Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giampiero M.","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Halbert","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref009","unstructured":"White, H. (1998)Artificial Neural Network and Alternative Methods for AssessingNaval Readiness.Technical Report,NeuralNet R&D Associates,San Diego."},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref001","unstructured":"Campos, J. , N.R. Ericsson , & D.F. Hendry (2004)General-to-Specific Modeling.Edward Elgar."},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoover, K. & S. Perez (1999)Data mining reconsidered: Encompassing and the general-to-specificapproach to specification search.Econometrics Journal 2,167\u2013191.","DOI":"10.1111\/1368-423X.00025"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendry, D.F. & H.-M. Krolzig (2004)Sub-sample model selection procedures in general-to-specificmodelling. In R. Becker & S. Hurn (eds.),Contemporary Issues in Economics and Econometrics: Theory andApplications, pp.53\u201375.Edward Elgar.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781782543756.00010"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perez-Amaral, T. , G.M. Gallo , & H. White (2003)A flexible tool for model building: The Relevant Transformation ofthe Inputs Network Approach (RETINA).Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 65, supplement 1,821\u2013838.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0305-9049.2003.00096.x"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White, H. (1989)Learning in artificial neural networks: A statistical perspective.Neural Computation 1,425\u2013464.Reprinted in H. White (1992) Artificial Neural Networks:Approximation and Learning Theory pp. 90\u2013131. Blackwell.","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.4.425"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref002","unstructured":"Hendry, D.F. & H.-M. Krolzig (2001)Automatic Econometric Model Selection with PcGets.Timberlake Consultants Press."},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hendry, D.F. & H.-M. Krolzig (2003)New developments in automatic general-to-specific modeling. In B.P. Stigum (ed.),Econometrics and the Philosophy of Economics, pp.379\u2013419.Princeton University Press.","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400873234-019"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ploberger, W. & P.C.B. Phillips (2003)Empirical limits for time series econometric models.Econometrica 71,627\u2013673.","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0262.00419"},{"key":"S0266466605050152_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krolzig, H.-M. & D.F. Hendry (2001)Computer automation of general-to-specific model selectionprocedures.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 25,831\u2013866.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1889(00)00058-0"}],"container-title":["Econometric Theory"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0266466605050152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T23:36:34Z","timestamp":1750462594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0266466605050152\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0266466605050152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0266466605050152","relation":{},"ISSN":["0266-4666","1469-4360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0266-4666","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}}}