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It is shown that although simple plug-in estimators suffer from bias problems preventing them from achieving semiparametric efficiency under minimal smoothness conditions, the nonparametric bootstrap automatically corrects for this bias and that, as a result, these seemingly inferior estimators achieve bootstrap consistency under minimal smoothness conditions. In contrast, several \u201cdebiased\u201d estimators that achieve semiparametric efficiency under minimal smoothness conditions do not achieve bootstrap consistency under those same conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0266466621000530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T09:01:03Z","timestamp":1640250063000},"page":"1140-1174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["AVERAGE DENSITY ESTIMATORS: EFFICIENCY AND BOOTSTRAP CONSISTENCY"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Matias D.","family":"Cattaneo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0266466621000530_r12","unstructured":"Chernozhukov, V. , Escanciano, J.C. , Ichimura, H. , Newey, W.K. , & Robins, J.M. 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