{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:29:08Z","timestamp":1791394148976,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]],"date-time":"2008-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212278400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Context"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Argument<\/jats:title><jats:p>When Pasteur and Chamberland hastily set up their small biological industry to meet the agricultural demand for the anthrax vaccine, their methods for preparation and production had not yet been stabilized. The process of learning how to standardize biological products was accelerated in 1882 when vaccination accidents required the revision of production norms as the first hypotheses on fixity, inalterability, and transportability of vaccines were invalidated and replaced by procedures for continuous monitoring of the calibration of vaccines and the renewal of vaccine strains. Initially, the incompleteness and ongoing development of production standards justified Pasteur's monopoly on the production of the anthrax vaccine under his immediate supervision. Later on, the Pasteur Institute maintained control of these standards in the framework of a commercial monopoly that it established on the veterinary vaccines first sent and then cultivated abroad by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Vulgarisation du Vaccin Charbonneux Pasteur, founded in 1886.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0269889708001713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,21]],"date-time":"2008-04-21T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1208772239000},"page":"253-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Producing, Controlling, and Stabilizing Pasteur's Anthrax Vaccine: Creating a New Industry and a Health Market"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Maurice","family":"Cassier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref35","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Louis Pasteur and The Pasteur Institute in Australia","author":"Todd","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref34","volume-title":"Pasteur, la rage et le vaccin charbonneux","author":"Tignol","year":"1886"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.2002.0097"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspl.1889.0022"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref28","volume-title":"Correspondance G\u00e9n\u00e9rale","volume":"3 and 4","author":"Pasteur","year":"1951"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref25","first-page":"125","volume-title":"L'aventure de la vaccination","author":"Moulin","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref24","unstructured":"Mic\u00e9 L. 1883. \u201cDe la fi\u00e8vre charbonneuse et des moyens d'en pr\u00e9server les animaux et par suite l'homme.\u201d Excerpt from the Journal de M\u00e9decine de Bordeaux."},{"key":"S0269889708001713_ref18","unstructured":"Koch Robert . 1882. \u201cR\u00e9ponse de M. 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