{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T10:37:54Z","timestamp":1757587074743,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697760000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Child Lang."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The feature [+spread glottis] ([+s.g.]) denotes that a speech sound is produced with a wide glottal aperture with audible voiceless airflow. Icelandic is unusual in the degree to which [+spread glottis] is involved in the phonology: in \/h\/, pre-aspirated and post-aspirated stops, voiceless fricatives and voiceless sonorants. The ubiquitousness of the feature could potentially affect the rate and process of its acquisition. This paper investigates the development of [+s.g.] in Icelandic, both in general and in a range of contexts, in a cross-sectional study of 433 typically developing Icelandic-speaking children aged two to seven years. As a feature, [+s.g.] is acquired early in Icelandic, although specific sound classes lag behind due to other output constraints. Children reach mastery of [+s.g.] by age three except in word-initial post-aspirated stops and voiceless nasals. Findings are interpreted in light of the literature on the feature and its development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0305000923000582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T08:52:59Z","timestamp":1697791979000},"page":"573-595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acquisition of the feature [+spread glottis] in Icelandic"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9327-8965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thora","family":"M\u00c1SD\u00d3TTIR","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara May","family":"BERNHARDT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3901-267X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Paul","family":"STEMBERGER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunnar \u00d3lafur","family":"HANSSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Phonological development and disorders in Icelandic-speaking children (Doctoral dissertation)","year":"2008","author":"M\u00e1sd\u00f3ttir","key":"S0305000923000582_r27"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/labphon.2010.017"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9582.1994.tb00848.x"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/002438998553833"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0332586500001384"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/411276"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r10","first-page":"183","article-title":"Der Erwerb des phonologischen System in der Deutschen Sprache","volume":"23","author":"Fox","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sprache \u2013 Stimme \u2013 Geh\u00f6r"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r48","first-page":"9","volume-title":"First and second language phonology","author":"Vihman","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r40","first-page":"2414","volume-title":"The Blackwell Companion to Phonology","author":"Rose","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_AJSLP-17-0100"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002510030000623X"},{"volume-title":"Handbook of phonological development: From the perspective of constraint-based nonlinear phonology","year":"1998","author":"Bernhardt","key":"S0305000923000582_r6"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r38","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the UBC International Conference on Phonological Acquisition","author":"Rice","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-968X.2007.00181.x"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2017.1308014"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2021.2011959"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_JSLHR-20-00463"},{"volume-title":"The phonology of normally developing and language-impaired children","year":"1995","author":"Beers","key":"S0305000923000582_r5"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/lan.1994.0023"},{"key":"S0305000923000582_r49","unstructured":"Thr\u00e1insson, H. 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