{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T17:13:46Z","timestamp":1761844426391},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4871,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. j. neurol. sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S031716710000144X_abs1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Typical presentation of spontaneous internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection is an ipsilateral pain in neck and face with Horner's syndrome and contralateral deficits. Although rare, lower cranial nerve palsy have been reported in association with an ipsilateral spontaneous ICA dissection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S031716710000144X_abs2\"><jats:title>Case studies:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report three new cases of ICA dissection with lower cranial nerve palsies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S031716710000144X_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first symtom to appear was headache in all three patients. Examination disclosed a Horner's syndrome in two cases (1 and 2), an isolated XIIth nerve palsy in two patients (case 1 and 3) and IX, X, and XIIth nerve palsies (case 2) revealing an ipsilateral carotid dissection, confirmed by MRI and angiography. In all cases, prognosis was good after a few weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S031716710000144X_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These cases, analysed with those in the literature, led us to discuss two possible mechanisms: direct compression of cranial nerves by a subadventitial haematoma in the parapharyngeal space or ischemic palsy by compression of the ascending pharyngeal artery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s031716710000144x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T15:38:34Z","timestamp":1418398714000},"page":"265-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Spontaneous Internal Carotid Artery Dissection with Lower Cranial Nerve Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Guy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Deffond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Carriere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Dordain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Clavelou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gabrillargues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref026","first-page":"495","article-title":"Pruvo JPDissection de l\u2019art\u00e8re carotide interne r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e par une paralysie isol\u00e9e des IX, X, XI nerfs craniens","volume":"5","author":"Wannebroucq","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev Im Med"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001150050615"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref025","first-page":"1845","article-title":"Isolated vagal nervepalsy associated with a dissection of the extracranial internalcarotid artery","volume":"19","author":"Nusbaum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-996656"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.9.804"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/109.1.207"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02335742"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133520.x","article-title":"A vagal palsy due to dissecting aneurysm of the carotidartery","volume":"147","author":"Davies","year":"1987","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.5.894"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198911000-00010"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref027","first-page":"535","article-title":"Isolierte einseitige hypoglossus-parese bei karotisdissektion","volume":"64","author":"Zipp","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1983.04050090089016"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.19.9.1151"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref038","first-page":"287","article-title":"L\u2019art\u00e8re pharyngienne ascendante dans lavascularisation des derni\u00e8res paires craniennes (IX, X,XI, XII)","volume":"5","author":"Lasjaunias","year":"1978","journal-title":"JNeuroradiology"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref013","first-page":"367","article-title":"Les an\u00e9vrysmes extra-craniens de la carotide interne","volume":"5","author":"Gros","year":"1970","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339524","article-title":"Spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of cervical cerebral artery","volume":"21","author":"Bradac","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.19.12.1561"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.11.1191"},{"key":"S031716710000144X_ref037","first-page":"155","article-title":"Dissections of cervical and cerebral arteries","volume":"1","author":"Hart","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cerebrovascular Disease. 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