{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T13:31:39Z","timestamp":1784727099572,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3775,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. j. neurol. sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0317167100003449_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Motor and sensory nerve conductions, F responses, sympathetic skin responses and R-R interval variations (RRIV) were studied to determine the type of peripheral neuropathy among patients with leprosy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100003449_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-nine consecutive patients with leprosy (25 male, 4 female) hospitalized in the \u201cIstanbul Leprosy Hospital'' between January - December, 1999 were included in this study. Ten patients had borderline lepromatous leprosy, and 19 had lepromatous leprosy. None of the patients studied had the tuberculoid form. The mean age was 55\u00b112 years. The control group consisted of 30 (26 male, 4 female) healthy volunteers (mean age: 58.1\u00b17.8 years). All subjects included in the study underwent neurological examination and electrophysiological evaluation. Standard procedures were performed for evaluating sensory and motor conduction studies. Motor studies were carried out on both left and right median, ulnar, tibial and common peroneal nerves while median, ulnar, sural and superficial peroneal nerves were examined for sensory studies. Sympathetic skin response recordings on both hands and RRIV recordings on precordial region were done in order to evaluate the autonomic involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100003449_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lower extremity was found to be more severely affected than the upper, and sensory impairment predominated over motor. Of 58 upper limbs examined, no sympathetic skin responses was recorded in 46 (79.3%). Compared with the controls, the RRIVs of the leprosy patients were found to be reduced during both resting and deep forced hyperventilation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100003449_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that leprosy causes a predominantly axonal polyneuropathy that is more severe in the lower extremities. Sensory nerve damage is accompanied by autonomic involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100003449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T15:35:30Z","timestamp":1418398530000},"page":"357-362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Electrophysiological Evaluation of Peripheral and Autonomic Involvement in Leprosy"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Aysun","family":"Soysal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turan","family":"Atay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tacettin","family":"Ozu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baki","family":"Arpaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/65.11.1662"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref006","first-page":"971","volume-title":"Electrodiagnostic Medicine","author":"Amato","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-5597(98)00025-2"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-980X(98)00004-6"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199801)21:1<34::AID-MUS5>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref016","first-page":"174","article-title":"Effect of drug treatment on electroneurological measures of peripheral nerve function in leprosy patients","volume":"38","author":"Mendis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ceylon Med J"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-980X(97)95186-9"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref017","first-page":"167","article-title":"Clinical and electroneurophysiological assessment of leprosy patients on dapsone monotherapy-- a two year follow-up study","volume":"67","author":"Rao","year":"1995","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199611)19:11<1481::AID-MUS13>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref025","first-page":"20","article-title":"Effect of steroid therapy on parameters of peripheral autonomic dysfunction in leprosy patients with acute neuritis","volume":"65","author":"Wilder-Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Leprosy"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref009","first-page":"433","article-title":"Electrophysiological evaluation of peripheral autonomic function in leprosy patients, leprosy contacts and controls","volume":"64","author":"Wilder-Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Leprosy"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00812152","article-title":"Asymptomatic nerve hypertrophy in lepromatous leprosy: a clinical, electrophysiological and morphological study","volume":"239","author":"Tzourio","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref003","first-page":"717","volume-title":"Neurology and General Medicine. The Neurological Aspects of Medical Disorders","author":"Sabin","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199701000-00002"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref028","first-page":"24","article-title":"Severe pan-sensory neuropathy in leprosy","volume":"62","author":"Pandya","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Leprosy"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870110309"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref024","first-page":"461","article-title":"RR interval variation, sympathetic skin reflex and QT dispersion in the assessment of autonomic function in peripheral neuropathy","volume":"39","author":"Parisi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00088-0"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref026","first-page":"586","article-title":"Study of nerve conduction velocity, somatosensory-evoked potential and late responses (H-reflex and F-wave) of posterior tibial nerve in leprosy","volume":"62","author":"Gupta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Leprosy"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref018","first-page":"10","article-title":"Clinical and electrophysiological evaluation of nerve function impairment following cessation of multidrug therapy in leprosy","volume":"70","author":"Samant","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref027","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Clinical Electromyography: Nerve Conduction Studies","author":"Oh","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12425-3"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref031","first-page":"1","article-title":"Leprosy neuropathy: correlation of clinical and electrophysiological tests","volume":"68","author":"Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(97)05363-X"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4598(200007)23:7<1105::AID-MUS14>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref032","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology","author":"Shahani","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref004","first-page":"2045","volume-title":"Neurology in Clinical Practice","author":"Bosch","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref001","first-page":"332","volume-title":"Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve and Muscle: Principles and Practice","author":"Kimura","year":"1989"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref002","first-page":"1354","volume-title":"Peripheral Neuropathy","author":"Sabin","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00688341"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref005","first-page":"1332","volume-title":"Neurology in Clinical Practice","author":"Solbrig","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0317167100003449_ref030","first-page":"395","article-title":"Electrophysiological correlates of hanseniasis","volume":"63","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Lepr"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167100003449","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T16:58:07Z","timestamp":1690736287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167100003449\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167100003449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100003449","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}