{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T11:24:30Z","timestamp":1749813870120},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3410,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. j. neurol. sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100004248_abs1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controversial data was published about the sodium channel-blocking effect of the endogenous pentapeptide QYNAD, which is elevated in patients with multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barr\u00e9-syndrome. In some experiments with single cells and nerve preparations QYNAD inhibited sodium currents to the same extent as the known sodium channel blocker lidocaine whereas in other laboratory testing QYNAD failed to show any effect at all.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100004248_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Micro-electrode arrays with cultured neuronal networks are highly suitable to determine neuroactive activity of applied substances. The impact on electrophysiological parameter changes was compared between QYNAD and the established sodium channel blockers lidocaine and tetrodotoxin (TTX).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100004248_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>QYNAD did not alter network activity whereas the sodium channel blockers lidocaine (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> 14.9 \u00b5M) and tetrodotoxin (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> 1.1 nM) reversibly decreased network activity in similar concentrations as in patch-clamp experiments. This decrease of spontaneous electrophysiological activity was achieved by prolonging the interburst-interval.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100004248_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although QYNAD might have mild effects on single-cell sodium currents, there is no significant effect on neuronal network function. These results raise concerns about QYNAD exhibiting a relevant impact on functional disability of the central nervous system in patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100004248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T10:33:09Z","timestamp":1418380389000},"page":"344-348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Pentapeptide QYNAD Does Not Inhibit Neuronal Network Activity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Otto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.C.","family":"Kieseier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"G\u00f6rtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.-P.","family":"Hartung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Siebler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(03)00186-9"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1038\/77543","article-title":"An endogenous pentapeptide acting as a sodium channel blocker in inflammatory autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system","volume":"6","author":"Brinkmeier","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2003.02985.x"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref013","first-page":"S190","article-title":"Ion trap mass spectroscopy shows that the Na+ channel blocker QYNAD exists in the CSF of MS patients but is absent in the CSF of ALS patients","volume":"443","author":"Aulkemeyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Arch"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90465-W"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kieseier BC , Kiefer R , Gold R , et al. Advances in immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nervous system. Muscle Nerve 2004 (in press).","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20076"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0956-5663(95)96931-N"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1194-9"},{"key":"S0317167100004248_ref016","first-page":"S87","article-title":"Das endogene Na-Kanal-blockierende Pentapeptid Gln-Tyr-Asn-Ala-Asp (QYNAD) bei multipler Sklerose: Erh\u00f6hte Liquorkonzentration korreliert nicht mit klinischer Beeintr\u00e4chtigung oder MRT-L\u00e4sionen","volume":"28","author":"Tumani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Akt. 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