{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T08:35:05Z","timestamp":1778834105687,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2861,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. j. neurol. sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S0317167100005874_abs1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the demographic and clinical data of Thai multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100005874_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study of 72 patients attending the MS clinic at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand between January 1997 and June 2004.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100005874_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty-eight patients (81%) were classified as clinically definite MS, 5 (7%) as Devic's syndrome, and 9 (13%) as possible MS. There were 62 females (86%) and 10 males (14%). Age at onset was 33 \u00b1 12 years with a mean relapse rate of 1.2 \u00b1 1.0 attacks per annum. None had a family history of MS. Visual impairment (53%) was the most common manifestation. Only 16% had classic (western) form of MS. Positive oligoclonal bands were found in 21%, visual evoked potentials with a typical delayed latency in 28%. MRI brain lesions compatible with McDonald's criteria were seen in only 24%, and spinal MRI brain longer than 2 vertebral bodies in 62%. The mean Kurtzke's Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was 3.0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100005874_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thai MS patients had much more female occurrence, no family history, common optico-spinal form, long spinal MRI lesions and low positive CSF oligoclonal bands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100005874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T15:27:10Z","timestamp":1418398030000},"page":"99-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Retrospective Study of Multiple Sclerosis in Siriraj Hospital, Bankok, Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sasitorn","family":"Siritho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naraporn","family":"Prayoonwiwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref037","first-page":"109","article-title":"Efficacy of interferon beta-1a in Iranian multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Ashtari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurol Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref019","first-page":"239","article-title":"Clinical features and clinical course of multiple sclerosis in Thai patients: a report of 50 cases","volume":"77","author":"Jitpimolmard","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1974.00490310049008"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf260"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)30065-3","article-title":"Neuroimaging in multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Francis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100160715008"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400405","article-title":"Western versus Asian types of multple sclerosis: Immunogenetically and clinically distinct disorders","volume":"40","author":"Kira","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.27.2.188"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360704"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431307"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.9.1290"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1056-6"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.5.1404"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458502ms831oa"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref010","first-page":"35","article-title":"Severe spinal cord involvement is a universal feature of Asians with multiple sclerosis: A joint Asian study","volume":"7","author":"Chong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurol J Southeast Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref018","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Multiple Sclerosis East and West","author":"Vejjajiva","year":"1982"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390304"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102013440501","article-title":"The incidence and prevalence and the risk of relapse in multiple sclerosis","volume":"344","author":"Baun","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(81)90083-6"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref009","first-page":"57","article-title":"Devic\u2019s disease and multiple sclerosis in Asia","volume":"4","author":"Tan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurol J Southeast Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.2.169"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref016","first-page":"397","author":"Kuroiwa","year":"1985","journal-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology Vol 3 (47): Demyelinating disease"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref030","first-page":"47","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of Asians with multiple sclerosis was similar to that of the West","volume":"9","author":"Chong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurol Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.11.2059"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12784-5"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.4.907"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03334-0"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.12.1628"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000151856.10387.E2"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08220-X"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref020","first-page":"7","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in Thailand","volume":"2","author":"Vejjajiva","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurol J Southeast Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00308-9"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref006","first-page":"89","article-title":"Asia Pacific multiple sclerosis consensus","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurol J Southeast Asia"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032"},{"key":"S0317167100005874_ref029","first-page":"702","article-title":"Isolated demyelinating syndromes: Comparison of different imaging criteria to predict conversion to clinically definite MS","volume":"21","author":"Tintore\u00e9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Radiology"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167100005874","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T19:02:43Z","timestamp":1556823763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167100005874\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167100005874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100005874","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}