{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T09:58:39Z","timestamp":1792403919703,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411430400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":449,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100014645_abs1\"><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gamma Knife (GK) radiosurgery for pituitary adenomas can offer a means of tumor and biologic control with acceptable risk and low complication rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100014645_abs2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of all the patients treated at our center with GK for pituitary adenomas from Nov 2003 to June 2011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100014645_abs3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We treated a total of 86 patients. Ten were lost to follow-up. Mean follow was 32.8 months. There were 21 (24.4%) growth hormone secreting adenomas (GH), 8 (9.3%) prolactinomas (PRL), 8 (9.3%) adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting (ACTH) adenomas, 2 (2.3%) follicle stimulating hormone\/luteinizing hormone secreting (FSH\/LH) adenomas, and 47 (54.7%) null cell pituitary adenomas that were treated. Average maximum tumor diameter and volume was 2.21cm and 5.41cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, respectively. The average dose to the 50% isodose line was 14.2 Gy and 23.6 Gy for secreting and non-secreting adenomas respectively. Mean maximal optic nerve dose was 8.87 Gy. Local control rate was 75 of 76 (98.7%), for those with followup. Thirty-three (43.4%) patients experienced arrest of tumor growth, while 42 (55.2%) patients experienced tumor regression. Of the 39 patients with secreting pituitary tumors, 6 were lost to follow-up. Improved endocrine status occurred in 16 (50.0%), while 14 (43.8%) demonstrated stability of hormone status on continued pre-operative medical management. Permanent complications included: panhypopituitarism (4), hypothyroidism (4), hypocortisolemia (1), diabetes insipidus (1), apoplexy (1), visual field defect (2), and diplopia (1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0317167100014645_abs4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a safe and effective means of achieving tumor growth control and endocrine remission\/stability in pituitary adenomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100014645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T09:59:40Z","timestamp":1418378380000},"page":"546-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gamma Knife in the Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas: Results of a Single Center"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"F. 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