{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T20:18:26Z","timestamp":1791145106665,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1553,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been classically regarded as an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In recent years, the classification and pathogenesis of the disease have become controversial, particularly with respect to whether an individual patient demonstrates a single or multiple pathogenetic mechanisms in the establishment of the focal plaque of MS. It is also becoming increasingly apparent that there is a significant neurodegenerative component in the disease, involving not only plaques but the non-plaque parenchyma as well. Magnetic resonance imaging, together with histopathologic studies, will continue to shed light on the pathogenesis of these focal and diffuse abnormalities in MS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100022381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T18:41:01Z","timestamp":1417545661000},"page":"S5-S15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Current Concepts in the Neuropathology and Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"G.R.","family":"Wayne Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref050","first-page":"1619","article-title":"Inflammatory CNS demyelination: histopathologic correlation with in vivo quantitative proton MR spectroscopy","volume":"20","author":"Bitsch","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref001","volume-title":"Pathological anatomy. Ilustrations of the elementary forms of disease","author":"Carswell","year":"1838"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.12.010"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref003","first-page":"517","article-title":"The histology of multiple sclerosis","volume":"50","author":"Dawson","year":"1916","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Edin Reproduced by the Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, 1973"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref021","first-page":"409","article-title":"Macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells in the perivascular compartment in chronic multiple sclerosis","author":"Prineas","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410430112"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00347-7"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000237551.26858.39"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref075","first-page":"93","article-title":"Cortical demyelination is present in early multiple sclerosis (abstract)","volume":"66","author":"Roemer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410420515"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360207"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.008"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200003)47:3<391::AID-ANA20>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref086","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Progress in Multiple Sclerosis","author":"Rinne","year":"1972"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720170012"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2008.08.022"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref099","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850100700202"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90251-S"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21314"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458506070928"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref020","first-page":"187","volume-title":"Handbook of multiple sclerosis","author":"Prineas","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.1096"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb14773.x"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2008.08.002"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1053"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/60.12.1208"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0002-z"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21311"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67102-4"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340507"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1743"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(200001)43:1<102::AID-MRM12>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref019","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology","volume":"3","author":"Prineas","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20352"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref011","first-page":"534","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis. Oligodendrocyte survival and proliferation in an active established lesion","volume":"45","author":"Raine","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref040","first-page":"328","volume-title":"Multiple Sclerosis","author":"Paty","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref085","first-page":"91","article-title":"Neurochemical and morphological studies on demyelination in multiple sclerosis with special reference to etiological aspects","volume":"203","author":"Riekkinen","year":"1972","journal-title":"Z Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90584-1"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref045","first-page":"505","article-title":"Vascular proliferation and angiogenesis in MS: clinical and pathogenetic implications (abstract)","volume":"60","author":"Ludwin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref002","first-page":"1829","volume-title":"Anatomie pathologique du corps humain; descriptions avec figures lithographie\u03b5s et coloriees; des diverses alterations morbides dont le corps humain est susceptible","author":"Cruveilhier"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms917oa"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21113"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref016","first-page":"627","volume-title":"Demyelinating Disease. In Textbook of Neuropathology","author":"Raine","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh007"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20351"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref038","first-page":"39","article-title":"MS: is it one disease?","volume":"16","author":"Esiri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int MS J"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199801293380502"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10052"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1434"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(79)90142-4"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20016"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn105"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref017","first-page":"213","article-title":"Die sogenannte \u201cakute multiple sklerose\u201d (Encephalomyelitis periaxialis scleroticans)","volume":"27","author":"Marburg","year":"1906","journal-title":"Jahrbucher fur Psychiatrie und Neurologie"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181a19a5a"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2002.tb00430.x"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21524"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000184471.83948.e0"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1115-z"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-07271-0.50003-3"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms958oa"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2480"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref093","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1565"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2004.09.002"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref094","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-0243-9"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.3.681"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10417"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref096","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10481"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.8.1667"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-81553-9_53"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref009","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Multiple sclerosis: pathology, diagnosis and management","author":"Lampert","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref108","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Neuropathology Methods and Diagnosis","author":"Segarra","year":"1970"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/62.7.723"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052130"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref097","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh153"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410310302"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref100","first-page":"1893","article-title":"Analysis of normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis: comparison of diffusion tensor MR imaging and magnetization transfer imaging","volume":"22","author":"Guo","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.57"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.5.1282"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.9_Part_2.68"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.180.2.2068314"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref068","first-page":"572","article-title":"Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis: combined postmortem MR imaging and histopathology","volume":"26","author":"Geurts","year":"2005","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref066","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Balo\u2019s concentric sclerosis: clinical and radiologic features of five cases","volume":"22","author":"Karaarslan","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.09.021"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref028","first-page":"173","article-title":"Clinical, radiological, immunological and pathological findings in inflammatory CNS demyelination--possible markers for an antibody-mediated process","volume":"7","author":"Bruck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.1.17"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/60.12.1198"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.3.393"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509102907"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20202"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10326"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200006)47:6<707::AID-ANA3>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21487"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.10.1506"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.1.62"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2008.09.004"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh641"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref007","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Multiple SclerosisAcomprehensive text","author":"Ludwin","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.9.1845"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref076","first-page":"262","article-title":"Cerebral cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis detected by MR imaging at 8 Tesla","volume":"28","author":"Kangarlu","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref084","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000114197"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref006","first-page":"1513","volume-title":"Demyelinating diseases","author":"Sobel","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh457"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(94)90075-2"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1123"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.5.627"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-07271-0.50014-8"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458504ms1035oa"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2005.06.012"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref018","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Neuropathology and pathophysiology of the multiple sclerosis lesion","author":"Moore","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410430616"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20182"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910310614"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199911)46:5<747::AID-ANA10>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-002-0846-6"},{"key":"S0317167100022381_ref105","first-page":"121","article-title":"MRI dirty-appearing white matter in MS (abstract)","volume":"54","author":"Zhao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167100022381","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T21:39:12Z","timestamp":1556401152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167100022381\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167100022381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100022381","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}}}