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Because of this, there has been considerable interest in exploring novel ways of possibly improving results. This paper reviews the rationale and clinical results with the use of altered fractionation schemes, brachytherapy, radiation sensitizers, hyperthermia, particle therapy, and radiosurgery in the treatment of these patients. Currently, there is no demonstrated advantage with the use of these experimental modalities in the initial management of patients. There would appear to be some benefit for selected patients who are treated with brachytherapy at recurrence, but its efficacy as part of initial management remains to be determined in ongoing randomized prospective trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100030456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]],"date-time":"2016-07-28T11:41:03Z","timestamp":1469706063000},"page":"199-208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Critical Appraisal of Experimental Radiation Modalities for Malignant Astrocytomas"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"N.J.","family":"Laperriere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100030456_ref090","first-page":"5546","article-title":"Clonal genomic alterations in glioma malignancy stages","volume":"48","author":"James","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer 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