{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:12:42Z","timestamp":1792084362469,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8995,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. j. neurol. sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The cause of the toxic mussel poisoning episode in 1987 was traced to a plankton-produced excitotoxin, domoic acid. Experiments were undertaken to quantitate the degree to which blood-borne domoic acid can permeate the microvasculature to enter the brain. Pentobarbital-anesthetized, adult rats received an i.v. injection of\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    H-domoic acid which was permitted to circulate for 3-60 min. Transfer constants (Ki) describing blood-to-brain diffusion of tracer were calculated from analysis of the relationship between brain vs plasma radioactivity with time. Mean values (mL.g\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    .s\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    x 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) for permeation into 7 brain regions (n = 10 rats) ranged from 1.60 \u00b1 0.13 (SE) to 1.86 \u00b1 0.33 (cortex, ponsmedulla respectively), and carrier transport or regional selectivity in uptake were not evident. Nephrectomy prior to domoic acid injection resulted in the elevation of circulating plasma tracer level and brain uptake. The Ki values are comparable to those for other polar compounds such as sucrose, and indicate that the blood-brain barrier greatly limits the amount of toxin that enters the brain. Together with absorbed dosage, integrity of the cerebrovascular barrier and normal kidney function are important to the outcome of accidentally ingesting domoic acid.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100031279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]],"date-time":"2016-07-28T07:41:36Z","timestamp":1469691696000},"page":"39-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Transfer Constants for Blood-Brain Barrier Permeation of the Neuroexcitatory Shellfish Toxin, Domoic Acid"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Edward","family":"Preston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Hynie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref003","first-page":"5","article-title":"Clinical presentation of acute domoic acid poisoning","volume":"16","author":"Teitelbaum","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/v89-075"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90832-6"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref016","article-title":"Intra-arterial histamine increases blood-brain transport in rats","volume":"243","author":"Gross","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(83)90223-6"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(84)90023-7"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref010","article-title":"Lower limits of cerebrovascular permeability to nonelectrolytes in the conscious rat","volume":"235","author":"Ohno","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref004","first-page":"9","article-title":"Neurological sequelae of domoic acid intoxication","volume":"16(","author":"Teitelbaum","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref006","first-page":"72","article-title":"Human neuropathology of encephalopathic toxic mussel poisoning","volume":"16","author":"Carpenter","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref002","first-page":"21","article-title":"Chemistry, biology, and toxicology of domoic acid and its isomers","volume":"16","author":"Wright","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)91067-2"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref005","first-page":"96","article-title":"Memory loss following domoic acid intoxication from ingestion of toxic mussels","volume":"16","author":"Zatorre","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref007","first-page":"7","article-title":"Amnesic shellfish poisoning: a new clinical syndrome due to domoic acid; gastrointestinal and neurologic illness related to mussels from Prince Edward Island","volume":"16","author":"Perl","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref008","first-page":"46","article-title":"Excitotoxicity: an overview","volume":"16","author":"Olney","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref009","first-page":"105","article-title":"Gastrointestinal effects of contaminated mussels and putative antidotes thereof","volume":"16","author":"Galvin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Dis Wkly Rep"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(83)90108-5"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490160411"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-7971-3_14"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(87)90321-2"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(84)90225-9"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref021","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neurotoxic action of kainic acid","volume":"41","author":"Coyle","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref018","first-page":"214","article-title":"Quantitative aspects of reversible osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier","volume":"221","author":"Rapoport","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"S0317167100031279_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1983.1"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167100031279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T18:49:09Z","timestamp":1558118949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167100031279\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167100031279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100031279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]}}}