{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:10:49Z","timestamp":1772237449405,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11552,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease is associated with a variety of neurotransmitter disturbances which may be further altered by its treatment with dopamine agonists. Based on this information a wide range of pharmacological approaches have been used in search of newer treatment alternatives and in hopes of reducing complications of long-term levodopa use. This paper reviews the various therapies which have had some success in the management of Parkinson\u2019s disease, other than levodopa and dopamine agonists. Special emphasis is placed on the many unresolved questions and controversies that exist in this area of neuropharmacology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100046436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]],"date-time":"2016-07-28T11:36:04Z","timestamp":1469705764000},"page":"210-220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease with agents other than Levodopa and Dopamine Agonists: controversies and new approaches"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Lang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref928","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197102252840804"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref927","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510140054014"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref926","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410110113"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref925","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.39.12.1219"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref924","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.38.4.331"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref922","first-page":"392","article-title":"Physostigmine in choreiform movement disorders","volume":"23","author":"Tarsy","year":"1973","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref921","first-page":"A162","article-title":"Paraxysmal drenching sweats in idiopathic Parkinsonism: response to propranolol","volume":"32","author":"Tanner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref920","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207458108985816"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref919","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)91135-0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref918","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1965.tb04310.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref917","first-page":"27","article-title":"Kemadrin in the treatment of Parkinsonism: a double blind and one year follow-up study","volume":"5","author":"Strang","year":"1965","journal-title":"Current Medicine and Drugs"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref916","first-page":"343","article-title":"Evidence for a non-dopaminergic action of amantadine Neuro","volume":"4","author":"Stone","year":"1977","journal-title":"Sci. Lett"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref911","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(71)90373-1"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref910","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1972.03210070026008"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref909","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1969.03160070046011"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref908","first-page":"85","article-title":"(Symmetrel) and its relation to levo-dopa in the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"94","author":"Schwab","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am. Neurol. Assoc"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref907","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.5.4.273"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref906","first-page":"61","article-title":"Symptomatology and medical treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Schwab","year":"1961","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref905","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.11.1016"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref903","first-page":"166","volume-title":"In:","author":"Sandler","year":"1981"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref902","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510220064017"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref897","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490200055007"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01246964"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref892","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410120310"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref888","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1979.00500460095021"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref885","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.571147"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref884","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-3589(08)60233-1"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref883","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.38.3.232"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.37.4.422"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref894","first-page":"137","article-title":"DL-threo-dihydroxyphenyl-serine as a precursor of norephinepherine","volume":"14","author":"Reches","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref881","first-page":"105","article-title":"Amantadine treatment in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Parkes","year":"1973","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.4.352"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref878","first-page":"335","volume-title":"In:","volume":"5","author":"Papavasiliou","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref876","author":"Ordenstein","year":"1867"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100023970"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref874","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1978.00500360034006"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref873","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1980.00500520030003"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref872","first-page":"23","article-title":"Serotonergically active agents in levodopa-induced psychiatric toxicity reactions","volume":"37","author":"Nausieda","year":"1983","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref870","first-page":"283","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin administration for Parkinsonian symptoms","volume":"58","author":"Narabayashi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Japan Soc"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref868","first-page":"283","article-title":"Catecholamine related enzymes in the brain of patients with Parkinsonism and Wilson\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Nagatsu","year":"1979","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref865","first-page":"20","article-title":"L-tryptophan in the treatment of levodopa induced psychiatric disorders","volume":"35","author":"Miller","year":"1974","journal-title":"Dis. Nerv. Syst"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref864","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.24.2.116"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.142.5.508"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref862","first-page":"475","article-title":"Long-term study and the effect of human growth hormone in Parkinsonian patients treated with levodopa","volume":"24","author":"McDowell","year":"1979","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref861","first-page":"135","article-title":"Clinical and biochemical features of depression in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Mayeux","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref857","first-page":"9","article-title":"\u00c9tude des effets d\u2019une molecule originale, le tiapride dans le traitement des mouvements anormaux d\u2019origine extrapyramidale","volume":"53","author":"Lhermitte","year":"1977","journal-title":"Sem. Hop. Paris"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref856","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.4.380"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref854","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90725-5"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref853","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.132.3.283","article-title":"Improvement of Parkinsonism in depressed patients treated with ECT","volume":"132","author":"Lebensohn","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref852","unstructured":"Lang AE (in press) Lithium and parkinsonism. Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7089568"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref850","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01246955"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref849","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.3.290"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref848","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.22.2.107"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref847","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-198200051-00006"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref846","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.32.5.503"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(71)90195-6"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref844","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1978.tb13151.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410070525"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref840","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1974.tb09294.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198224030-00001"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref836","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5240.1652"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref835","first-page":"134","article-title":"Tyrosine treatment in Parkinson\u2019s disease: clinical effects","volume":"31","author":"Growden","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref867","first-page":"309","article-title":"3-O-methydopa in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Muenter","year":"1974","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref832","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.5.641-b"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.3.278"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.169.3941.203"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref826","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(71)90178-X"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref825","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1971.00490010055008"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref824","first-page":"59","article-title":"The management of Parkinson\u2019s disease at different stages of the illness","volume":"5","author":"Fahn","year":"1982","journal-title":"In:"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(71)90088-8"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref860","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90540-6"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref809","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1973143386"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref866","first-page":"389","article-title":"Plasma 3-O-methyldopa in L-DOPA therapy of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"47","author":"Muenter","year":"1972","journal-title":"Mayo. Clinic Proc"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref790","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01256635"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref904","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000468113"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref822","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.1.19"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref839","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5760.487"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref913","first-page":"195","article-title":"Is the neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson\u2019s Disease still indicated","volume":"16","author":"Siegfried","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Neural. Trans, suppl"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref806","first-page":"524","article-title":"Pharmacologie d\u2019un nouvel anti-parkinsonian, la diprobutine (LCG 21519)","volume":"8","author":"Broil","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Pharmacol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130227","article-title":"Chorea in long-term use of pemoline","volume":"13","author":"Sign","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref796","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1980.00500520053008"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref900","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1977.00500160042007"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref843","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.10.904"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref789","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.134.2.191","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease, depression and ECT: A review and case study","volume":"134","author":"Asnis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref915","first-page":"357","volume-title":"In:","author":"Stern","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref887","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/268745a0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.3.256"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref880","first-page":"11","article-title":"Amantadine","volume":"5","author":"Parkes","year":"1974","journal-title":"Adv. Drug. Res"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref808","first-page":"94","article-title":"Pharmocokinetics of trihexyphenidyl after acute and chronic administration","volume":"12","author":"Burke","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref838","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.36.6.936"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref820","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770050055008"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref898","first-page":"211","volume-title":"In:","author":"Rinne","year":"1974"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref833","first-page":"123","article-title":"Bupropion-HCl in idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Goetz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref827","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1970.tb08420.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref812","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410120410"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref821","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470260014002"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref818","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.45.12.1161"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.8.702"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)91850-0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref802","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)91940-7"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref912","first-page":"309","volume-title":"In:","author":"Sheehy","year":"1981"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref859","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1978.tb02871.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref816","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)91936-X"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref891","first-page":"318","volume-title":"In:","author":"Price","year":"1981"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref828","first-page":"134","article-title":"Beta blockade of Parkinsonian Tremor","volume":"14","author":"Foster","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref877","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(65)92279-8"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref932","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90728-0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref788","first-page":"107","volume-title":"In:","author":"Agid","year":"1981"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref800","first-page":"76","article-title":"Die behandlung der Dopa psychosen mit L-Tryptophan","volume":"43","author":"Birkmayer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Der Nervenarzt"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref814","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/271178a0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01246959"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref929","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130304"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref855","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.8.707"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref893","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140118"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref787","first-page":"173","volume-title":"In:","author":"Albert","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5719.388"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.16.4.213"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref858","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410120416"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref901","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)90615-1"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref923","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1975.00490440084016"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref886","first-page":"211","article-title":"Pharmacological studies with a tripeptide, prolyl-leucyl-glycine amide","volume":"211","author":"Plotnikoff","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacoldyn Ther"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref930","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410100203"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref869","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab.57.351"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref807","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1980.00500590101026"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref933","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)29682-3","article-title":"Beta-phelethylamine: A specific substrate for type B momoamine oxidase of brian","volume":"187","author":"Yang","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref819","first-page":"98","article-title":"The Role of cholecystokinin in the striatum: implications in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Diamond","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref791","first-page":"802","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease: A new hypothesis","volume":"87","author":"Barbeau","year":"1962","journal-title":"Can. Med. Ass. J"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref815","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91837-8"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref899","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01246962"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref797","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6118.954"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref795","first-page":"253","article-title":"GABA and GABA-ergic medication: relation to Striatal dopamine function and Parkinsonism","volume":"24","author":"Bartholini","year":"1979","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref896","first-page":"77","article-title":"Recent advances in research on parkinsonism","volume":"57","author":"Rinne","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta. Neurol. Scandinav"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref830","first-page":"79","article-title":"The influence of B adrenergic blocking agents on Parkinson Synsdrome","volume":"6","author":"Gerstenbrand","year":"1979","journal-title":"Can. J. Neurol. Sci"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref792","first-page":"263","volume-title":"In:","volume":"5","author":"Barbeau","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref793","first-page":"483","volume-title":"In:","author":"Barbeau","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref794","first-page":"433","article-title":"Newer therapeutic Approaches in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Barbeau","year":"1979","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref798","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1977.tb05751.x"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref799","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00343235"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref801","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01253131"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-198205020-00004"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref804","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.185694"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref805","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/283092a0"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197803022980919","article-title":"Amantadine intoxication reversed by physostigmine","volume":"298","author":"Casey","year":"1978","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref811","first-page":"31","article-title":"Serotonergic mechanisms and extrapyramidal function in man","volume":"5","author":"Chase","year":"1974","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref813","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.166.3907.899"},{"key":"S0317167100046436_ref817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1938.02790230006003"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167100046436","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T07:13:10Z","timestamp":1749021190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167100046436\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,2]]},"references-count":147,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167100046436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100046436","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,2]]}}}