{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T06:06:23Z","timestamp":1790057183021,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Aging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S071498082610083X_sec17\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Canada\u2019s aging population faces a growing homelessness crisis, affecting groups such as older migrants. Older migrants experiencing homelessness may encounter intersecting forms of housing precarity, exclusion, and marginalization that shape their relationships with the host country and service systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S071498082610083X_sec18\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a postcolonial lens, this study explores how older migrants experiencing homelessness navigate housing precarity and relate to the host country, with particular attention to the role of gratitude in their experiences of housing and support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S071498082610083X_sec19\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study draws on 22 qualitative interviews with older migrants experiencing homelessness across three Canadian cities. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns in participants\u2019 experiences and narratives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S071498082610083X_sec20\">\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Performative gratitude emerged as an overarching theme, with experiences of exclusion and marginalization and comparative frameworks of safety identified as key sub-themes. While participants expressed appreciation for receiving housing and other forms of support, this gratitude was often rooted in trauma, social norms, and perceptions of relative safety. In some cases, performative gratitude masked unmet needs and constrained participants\u2019 ability to critique services or advocate for change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S071498082610083X_sec21\" sec-type=\"discussion\">\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gratitude can function simultaneously as a survival strategy and as a mechanism that may reproduce silence around unmet needs. These findings call for a shift from charity-based housing supports toward rights-based, culturally responsive systems that recognize older migrants experiencing homelessness not merely as recipients of aid, but as rights-bearing individuals. More equitable housing responses should create spaces in which appreciation and critique can coexist without jeopardizing access to essential support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s071498082610083x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:50:51Z","timestamp":1790056251000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performative Gratitude \u2013 A Barrier to Understanding the Needs of Older Migrants Experiencing Homelessness in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4159-1981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaltrina","family":"Kusari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University \u201cFehmi Agani\u201d in Gjakova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03yjb2x39","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atiya","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0213rcc28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Simon Fraser University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1226-6450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pxwe438","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"McGill University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Canham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0213rcc28","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Simon Fraser University"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03r0ha626","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S071498082610083X_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822392781"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r36","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. (2022). Homelessness Data Snapshot: Homelessness experiencedby Newcomers to Canada. https:\/\/housing-infrastructure.canada.ca\/homelessness-sans-abri\/reports-rapports\/data-newcomers-donnees-nouveaux-arrivants-eng.html"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Decolonization is not a metaphor","volume":"1","author":"Tuck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7202\/1111863ar"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780748691142"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10999922.2023.2240623"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1332\/20498608Y2026D000000125"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r5","volume-title":"The location of culture","author":"Bhabha","year":"1994"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781036232078.n9"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.726729"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10720537.2019.1700857"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7565\/ssp.v5.6952"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-021-00893-3"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12027"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17479891111176278"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r31","unstructured":"National Seniors Council. (2024). Supporting Canadians Aging at Home: Ensuring Quality of Life as We Age. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/content\/dam\/esdc-edsc\/documents\/national-seniors-council\/programs\/publications-reports\/aging-home\/NSC-ExpertPanel-AgingAtHome-FinalReport-EN-20240621.pdf"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r17","unstructured":"Government of Canada. (2026). Guaranteed Income Supplement. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/services\/benefits\/publicpensions\/old-age-security\/guaranteed-income-supplement\/eligibility.html"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24847\/v8i22021.257"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01634372.2022.2037805"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2016.06.005"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r12","volume-title":"The wretched of the earth","author":"Fanon","year":"1963"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10624-013-9321-2"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r16","unstructured":"Government of Canada. (2025). 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Government of Canada reduces immigration. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/immigration-refugees-citizenship\/news\/2024\/10\/government-of-canada-reduces-immigration.html"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104973239700700306"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/cja.2006.0043"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r10","first-page":"22","article-title":"Addressing systemic racism in homelessness services","volume":"88","author":"Dionne","year":"2023","journal-title":"Canadian Review of Social Policy"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5206\/ijoh.2022.1.13455"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-005-5123-1"},{"key":"S071498082610083X_r24","volume-title":"Intersections of aging and immigration: The promise and paradox of a better life","author":"Kaushik","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal on Aging \/ La Revue canadienne du vieillissement"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S071498082610083X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:50:57Z","timestamp":1790056257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S071498082610083X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S071498082610083X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s071498082610083x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0714-9808","1710-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0714-9808","type":"print"},{"value":"1710-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Canadian Association on Gerontology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}